Перевод: со всех языков на все языки

со всех языков на все языки

Со всех языков на:
Все языки
Со всех языков на:
Все языки
Английский
Итальянский
Русский
Французский
Хинди

all EU nationals

Толкование Перевод

1 résident

résident, e [ʀezidɑ̃, ɑ̃t]

1. masculine noun, feminine noun

( = étranger) foreign national

2. adjective

(Computing) resident

* * *

résidente ʀezidɑ̃, ɑ̃t nom masculin, féminin

1) ( étranger) foreign resident, resident alien US

2) ( diplomate) resident

* * *
ʀezidɑ̃, ɑ̃t résident, -e
1. nm/f

1) (= ressortissant) foreign resident

2) [immeuble] resident

2. adj

INFORMATIQUE resident

* * *

résident, résidente nm,f

1 ( étranger) foreign resident, resident alien US; les résidents français en Italie French nationals resident in Italy; statut de résident permanent permanent resident status;

2 ( habitant d'une résidence) resident;

3 ( diplomate) resident.

, résidente [rezidɑ̃, ɑ̃t] nom masculin, nom féminin

resident, (foreign) national

tous les résidents français de Londres all French nationals living in London

————————

( féminin résidente) [rezidɑ̃, ɑ̃t] adjectif

INFORMATIQUE resident

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > résident
2 national

national ['næʃənəl]

1 adjective

national;

∎ the national newspapers la presse nationale;

∎ he became a national hero il est devenu un héros national;

∎ the country's national sport le sport national du pays;

∎ a source of national pride une source de fierté nationale;

∎ the killings caused a national outcry les assassinats ont scandalisé le pays;

∎ on a national scale à l'échelle nationale;

∎ they won 38 percent of the national vote ils ont remporté 38 pour cent des voix sur l'ensemble du pays;

∎ it's not in the national interest ce n'est pas dans l'intérêt du pays

2 noun

(a) (person) ressortissant(e) m,f;

∎ all EU nationals tous les ressortissants des pays de l'Union européenne;

∎ Irish nationals ressortissants mpl de la République d'Irlande

(b) (newspaper) journal m national

►► national accounting comptabilité f nationale;

national anthem hymne m national;

French Canadian national assembly (in Quebec) Assemblée f nationale;

British old-fashioned national assistance assistance f publique;

American National Association of Colleges and Universities = association des établissements d'enseignement supérieur américains;

British the National Audit Office ≃ la Cour des comptes;

national bank = banque agréée par le gouvernement américain et qui doit faire partie du système bancaire fédéral;

the National Cancer Institute = organisme américain de recherche sur le cancer;

the National Childbirth Trust = organisme d'information et d'éducation des jeunes parents en Grande-Bretagne;

Australian national code football m australien;

American the National Collegiate Athletic Association = association interuniversitaire traitant des questions sportives;

American Politics National Convention = grande réunion du parti démocrate ou républicain pour choisir le "ticket" (candidats à la présidence et à la vice-présidence);

national costume costume m national;

the National Council for Civil Liberties = en Grande-Bretagne, ligue de défense des droits du citoyen luttant contre toute forme de discrimination;

the National Council for Vocational Qualifications = organisme britannique responsable de la formation professionnelle;

the National Curriculum = programme introduit en 1988 définissant au niveau national (Angleterre et pays de Galles) le contenu de l'enseignement primaire et secondaire;

Finance national debt dette f publique, dette f de l'État;

national dress costume m national;

the National Endowment for the Arts = organisme américain accordant des bourses à des artistes, des musées ou des compagnies théâtrales;

the National Endowment for the Humanities = organisme américain accordant des bourses à des écrivains ou à des chercheurs;

the National Endowment for Science, Technology and the Arts = organisme indépendant d'aide financière, à partir de fonds provenant de la Loterie nationale, aux artistes, inventeurs et scientifiques;

Press National Enquirer = hebdomadaire américain à sensation;

British the National Enterprise Board ≃ Agence f nationale pour le développement industriel;

British Politics the National Executive Committee = comité chargé de définir la ligne d'action du parti travailliste;

the National Exhibition Centre = centre de conférences et d'expositions à Birmingham (Angleterre);

National Express ® = société d'autocars reliant les principales villes de Grande-Bretagne;

British National Extension College centre m d'enseignement à distance;

the National Farmers' Union = syndicat britannique d'exploitants agricoles;

the National Film Theatre = cinémathèque à Londres;

the National Foundation of the Arts and Humanities = organisme public américain d'aide à l'action culturelle;

the National Front = parti d'extrême droite britannique, ≃ le Front national;

the National Gallery la National Gallery (principal musée de peinture du Royaume-Uni, situé à Londres);

national government gouvernement m de coalition;

Finance National Giro = service britannique de chèques postaux;

the National Graphical Association = syndicat britannique d'imprimeurs;

national grid British Electricity réseau m national d'électricité; Geography réseau m;

the National Guard (in the US) la Garde nationale (armée nationale américaine composée de volontaires);

National Guardsman membre m de la Garde nationale;

the National Health (Service) = système créé en 1946 en Grande-Bretagne et financé par l'État, assurant la gratuité des soins et des services médicaux, ≃ la Sécurité sociale;

∎ to get treatment on the National Health (Service) se faire soigner sous le régime de la Sécurité sociale;

British National Health Service glasses = modèle de lunettes remboursé par la Sécurité sociale;

National Heritage = organisme ayant pour mission la conservation du patrimoine;

national hunt (racing) courses fpl d'obstacles;

national income revenu m national;

British national insurance = système britannique de sécurité sociale (maladie, retraite) et d'assurance chômage;

national insurance contributions cotisations fpl à la Sécurité sociale;

national insurance number numéro m de Sécurité sociale;

American the National Labor Relations Board = organisme américain de conciliation et d'arbitrage des conflits du travail, ≃ conseil m de prud'hommes;

Press National Lampoon = revue satirique américaine;

National League = l'une des deux ligues professionnelles de base-ball aux États-Unis;

the National Lottery = loterie nationale britannique;

the National Liberation Front le Front de libération nationale;

the National Maritime Museum = musée de la mer situé à Greenwich;

National Missile Defence System projet m NMD (programme de défense antimissiles américain);

National Organization for Women = organisation de lutte pour les droits de la femme;

national park parc m national;

the National Portrait Gallery = musée londonien entièrement consacré aux portraits;

National Power = entreprise privée de production d'électricité en Angleterre et au pays de Galles;

Finance national product produit m national;

National Public Radio = réseau américain de stations de radio libres;

national readership survey étude f nationale sur le lectorat;

the National Rifle Association = association américaine défendant le droit au port d'armes;

British National Savings Bank ≃ Caisse f nationale d'épargne;

National Savings certificate bon m de caisse d'épargne;

Irish national school école f primaire;

American the National Science Foundation = organisme d'aide à la recherche scientifique;

national security sécurité f nationale;

American Politics National Security Adviser = conseiller du président américain sur les questions de sécurité nationale;

Politics the National Security Council le Conseil de sécurité nationale;

British national service service m militaire;

British national serviceman appelé m, militaire m du contingent;

national socialism national-socialisme m;

national socialist

1 noun

national-socialiste mf

2 adjective

national-socialiste;

the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children = association britannique de protection de l'enfance;

Irish national teacher instituteur(trice) m,f;

the National Theatre (in London) = important centre dramatique à Londres, siège de la Royal National Theatre Company;

American the National Transportation Safety Board = agence du gouvernement américain chargée des questions de sécurité dans le domaine des transports;

British the National Trust = organisme non gouvernemental britannique assurant la conservation de certains paysages et monuments historiques;

National Trust property ≃ site m protégé;

the National Trust for Scotland = organisme non gouvernemental assurant la conservation de certains paysages et monuments historiques écossais;

National Vocational Qualification = diplôme britannique professionnel national;

the National Weather Service = les services météorologiques américains

ⓘ NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE Le "National Health Service" ou "NHS" fut créé par le gouvernement travailliste en 1946, donnant accès à chacun aux soins médicaux gratuits. Cependant, au cours des années 80, le gouvernement de Margaret Thatcher voulut encourager le public à souscrire des assurances médicales privées, et le "NHS" subit des coupes budgétaires importantes. Au cours de ces dernières années, la polémique autour du "National Health Service" s'est intensifiée. Le "NHS" connaît en effet de nombreuses difficultés.

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > national
3 DNI

m.

ID card.

* * *

DNI

► abreviatura

1 ( Documento Nacional de Identidad) identity card; (abreviatura) ID card

* * *

SM ABR Esp
= documento nacional de identidad ID card
DNI digital, DNI electrónico — electronic ID
DNI The Spanish Documento Nacional de Identidad is a laminated plastic ID card which is renewable every 5 or 10 years in most cases, depending on the age of the holder. All Spanish nationals over the age of 14 are required to carry this card bearing their photo, a fingerprint and personal details at all times. As a legal document it is commonly used as proof of identity and it can be used instead of a passport for travelling around the EU. In Spain it is commonly known as the DNI, or else the carnet (de identidad). In Latin America a similar card is called the cédula (de identidad).
* * *

masculino (Esp) = Documento Nacional de Identidad
•• Cultural note:
DNI - Documento Nacional de Identidad

&rarrow; carné de identidad

* * *

masculino (Esp) = Documento Nacional de Identidad
•• Cultural note:
DNI - Documento Nacional de Identidad

&rarrow; carné de identidad

* * *

DNI

masculine

( Esp) carné de identidad (↑ carné a1)

= Documento Nacional de Identidad

* * *

DNI m Esp (abr de documento nacional de identidad) identification card, ID card
' DNI' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
documentación
- documento
English:
ID

* * *

DNI nm (abrev de documento nacional de identidad)

ID card

* * *

DNI

m abr (= documento nacional de identidad) identity card, ID

* * *

DNI n identity card / ID card

Spanish-English dictionary > DNI
4 Wehrdienst

m; nur Sg.; MIL. military service; den Wehrdienst ableisten / verweigern do / refuse to do one’s military service

* * *

der Wehrdienst

military service

* * *
Wehrdienst is compulsory military service for all male nationals. The training lasts nine months in Germany, six months in Austria and 18 to 21 weeks in Switzerland. This is generally followed by refresher courses taking place every two years. If a man refuses to do military service as a matter of principle, he may do Zivildienst instead (although not in Switzerland). See: → Zivildienst
* * *

Wehr·dienst

m kein pl military service no pl

den/seinen \Wehrdienst [ab]leisten to do one's military service

den \Wehrdienst verweigern to refuse to do military service

* * *

der; o. Pl. military service no art.

zum Wehrdienst einberufen werden — be called up

seinen Wehrdienst ableisten — do one's military service
•• Cultural note:
Wehrdienst

Compulsory military service for young men in Germany (9 months), Switzerland (3 months), and Austria (6 months). Young Germans are generally called up when they are 18, although there are certain exemptions. Conscientious objectors may apply to do Zivildienst instead

* * *

Wehrdienst m; nur sg; MIL military service;

den Wehrdienst ableisten/verweigern do/refuse to do one’s military service

* * *

der; o. Pl. military service no art.

zum Wehrdienst einberufen werden — be called up

seinen Wehrdienst ableisten — do one's military service
•• Cultural note:
Wehrdienst

Compulsory military service for young men in Germany (9 months), Switzerland (3 months), and Austria (6 months). Young Germans are generally called up when they are 18, although there are certain exemptions. Conscientious objectors may apply to do Zivildienst instead

* * *

m.

military service n.

selective service (US) n.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Wehrdienst
5 advertise

advertise ['ædvətaɪz]

1 transitive verb

(a) (publicize → product, service) faire de la publicité pour;

∎ I heard his new record advertised on the radio j'ai entendu la publicité pour son nouveau disque à la radio;

∎ I saw it advertised in a magazine j'ai vu une annonce là-dessus ou pour ça dans une revue;

∎ as advertised on TV vu à la télé

(b) (job) mettre une (petite) annonce pour; (event) annoncer;

∎ they advertised the job in all the nationals ils ont mis ou inséré une annonce pour le poste dans toute la presse;

∎ we advertised our house in the local paper nous avons mis ou passé une annonce pour vendre notre maison dans le journal local

(c) (make known) afficher;

∎ don't go advertising the fact that we're thinking of leaving ne va pas crier sur les toits que nous pensons partir;

∎ you needn't advertise the fact vous n'avez pas besoin de le crier sur les toits;

∎ you needn't advertise your ignorance ce n'est pas la peine d'étaler ton ignorance;

∎ he didn't want to advertise his presence il ne voulait pas se faire remarquer

2 intransitive verb

(a) (to sell product, service) faire de la publicité;

∎ to advertise in the press/on radio/on TV faire de la publicité dans la presse/à la radio/à la télé;

∎ it pays to advertise la publicité paie

(b) (place advertisement) mettre une (petite) annonce

(c) (make a request) chercher par voie d'annonce;

∎ we advertised for a cook nous avons mis ou fait paraître une annonce pour trouver une cuisinière

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > advertise
6 ciudadano

adj.

civic.

m.

citizen, countryman, member of the public, townsman.

* * *

ciudadano

► adjetivo

1 civic

► nombre masculino,nombre femenino

1 citizen

► nombre masculino plural los ciudadanos

1 townspeople, city dwellers

* * *

(f. - ciudadana)

noun

citizen

* * *
ciudadano, -a
1.

ADJ civic, city antes de s

el orgullo ciudadano — civic pride

2.

SM / F citizen

el ciudadano de a pie — the man in the street

ciudadano de honor — freeman of the city

ciudadano del mundo — citizen of the world

ciudadanos de segunda clase — second-class citizens

* * *
I
- na adjetivo < vida> city (before n)

la inseguridad ciudadana — the lack of safety in towns o cities

es un deber ciudadano — it's the duty of every citizen

con la colaboración ciudadana — with the cooperation of the people
II
- na masculino, femenino

1) ( habitante) citizen

- ciudadano de a pie

2) (Ven frml) ( al dirigirse - a un hombre) sir; (- a una mujer) madam

todos los ciudadanos deben acudir a la taquilla — everyone should go to the ticket office

* * *

= citizen, national, constituent, private citizen, burgess, member of the public, punter.

Ex. This paper reports a conference on present and future possibilities for interstate cooperation in the effective delivery of community information to citizens.

Ex. This collection includes also works about the Maltese Islands and those written by Maltese nationals but published abroad.

Ex. This service was formed in 1792 to give constituents free information on the activity of their government.

Ex. Except for civil laws, and the individual right of the private citizen etc., the king is bound to public law, constitutional law and divine law.

Ex. They claimed that they and all of their ancestors as burgesses had held a market on these days from time out of mind, without interruption.

Ex. As well as voting for candidates it is possible for a member of the public to decide to stand for election themselves.

Ex. It could mean simply the ability of the punter to move between pieces of information in much the same way as he or she uses the remote controller to change channels on analogue television.

----

* centro de atención al ciudadano = advice centre.

* Centro de Información al Ciudadano = Public Information Center (PIC).

* centro de información ciudadana = community information centre.

* ciudadano británico = Briton.

* ciudadano de edad avanzada = elderly citizen.

* ciudadano de la tercera edad = senior citizen.

* ciudadano medio, el = average man, the.

* ciudadano normal = ordinary citizen, member of the public.

* ciudadano, particular = private citizen.

* ciudadanos = citizenry, townspeople.

* ciudadano soldado = citizen soldier.

* conciudadano = fellow citizen.

* defensor de los derechos de los ciudadanos = citizen activist.

* defensor de los intereses del ciudadano = watchdog.

* derechos del ciudadano = civil liberties.

* el ciudadano de a pie = the average Joe.

* el ciudadano medio = the average Joe.

* grupo de acción ciudadana = citizen action group, community action group.

* grupo de ciudadanos desatentido = unserved, the.

* grupo de protección ciudadana = civic trust group.

* inseguridad ciudadana = street crime.

* instrucción sobre los derechos de los ciudadanos = community education.

* la ciudadana de a pie = the average Jane.

* la ciudadana media = the average Jane.

* Oficina de Información al Ciudadano (CAB) = Citizens' Advice Bureau (CAB).

* participación ciudadana = community involvement.

* seguridad ciudadana = public safety.

* servicio de información ciudadana = community information service.

* simple ciudadano, el = man-on-the-street, man in the street, the.

* * *
I
- na adjetivo < vida> city (before n)

la inseguridad ciudadana — the lack of safety in towns o cities

es un deber ciudadano — it's the duty of every citizen

con la colaboración ciudadana — with the cooperation of the people
II
- na masculino, femenino

1) ( habitante) citizen

- ciudadano de a pie

2) (Ven frml) ( al dirigirse - a un hombre) sir; (- a una mujer) madam

todos los ciudadanos deben acudir a la taquilla — everyone should go to the ticket office

* * *

= citizen, national, constituent, private citizen, burgess, member of the public, punter.

Ex: This paper reports a conference on present and future possibilities for interstate cooperation in the effective delivery of community information to citizens.

Ex: This collection includes also works about the Maltese Islands and those written by Maltese nationals but published abroad.

Ex: This service was formed in 1792 to give constituents free information on the activity of their government.

Ex: Except for civil laws, and the individual right of the private citizen etc., the king is bound to public law, constitutional law and divine law.

Ex: They claimed that they and all of their ancestors as burgesses had held a market on these days from time out of mind, without interruption.

Ex: As well as voting for candidates it is possible for a member of the public to decide to stand for election themselves.

Ex: It could mean simply the ability of the punter to move between pieces of information in much the same way as he or she uses the remote controller to change channels on analogue television.

* centro de atención al ciudadano = advice centre.

* Centro de Información al Ciudadano = Public Information Center (PIC).

* centro de información ciudadana = community information centre.

* ciudadano británico = Briton.

* ciudadano de edad avanzada = elderly citizen.

* ciudadano de la tercera edad = senior citizen.

* ciudadano medio, el = average man, the.

* ciudadano normal = ordinary citizen, member of the public.

* ciudadano, particular = private citizen.

* ciudadanos = citizenry, townspeople.

* ciudadano soldado = citizen soldier.

* conciudadano = fellow citizen.

* defensor de los derechos de los ciudadanos = citizen activist.

* defensor de los intereses del ciudadano = watchdog.

* derechos del ciudadano = civil liberties.

* el ciudadano de a pie = the average Joe.

* el ciudadano medio = the average Joe.

* grupo de acción ciudadana = citizen action group, community action group.

* grupo de ciudadanos desatentido = unserved, the.

* grupo de protección ciudadana = civic trust group.

* inseguridad ciudadana = street crime.

* instrucción sobre los derechos de los ciudadanos = community education.

* la ciudadana de a pie = the average Jane.

* la ciudadana media = the average Jane.

* Oficina de Información al Ciudadano (CAB) = Citizens' Advice Bureau (CAB).

* participación ciudadana = community involvement.

* seguridad ciudadana = public safety.

* servicio de información ciudadana = community information service.

* simple ciudadano, el = man-on-the-street, man in the street, the.

* * *

ciudadano¹ -na

adjective

la vida ciudadana town o city life

la inseguridad ciudadana the lack of safety in towns o cities

el deber ciudadano de acudir a las urnas the duty of every citizen to use his or her vote

la colaboración ciudadana the cooperation of the people

ciudadano² -na

masculine, feminine

A (habitante) citizen

el alcalde ha pedido la colaboración de todos los ciudadanos the mayor has asked everyone in the town o all of the townspeople o all of the residents to help

la seguridad de todos los ciudadanos the security of all citizens o of the population as a whole

Compuesto:

ciudadano de a pie

el ciudadano de a pie the man in the street, the ordinary o average person

B

1 ( Ven frml) (al dirigirse — a un hombre) sir; (— a una mujer) madam

ciudadana, ¿me permite su licencia de conducir? could I see your license please, madam?

todos los ciudadanos deben acudir a la taquilla all visitors o everyone should go to the ticket office

2 ( Ven iró) (individuo) character ( iro)

* * *

ciudadano
◊ -na adjetivo ‹ vida› city ( before n);

la inseguridad ciudadana the lack of safety in towns o cities;
es un deber ciudadano it's the duty of every citizen
■ sustantivo masculino, femenino ( habitante) citizen
ciudadano,-a
I sustantivo masculino y femenino citizen
el ciudadano de a pie, the man in the street
II adjetivo civic

' ciudadano' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
ciudadana
- súbdita
- súbdito
- citadino
- medio
- nacional
English:
citizen
- man
- model
- national
- Briton

* * *

ciudadano, -a

♦ adj
[deberes, conciencia] civic; [urbano] city;
seguridad ciudadana public safety;

vida ciudadana city life

♦ nm,f

citizen;

un ciudadano de Buenos Aires a citizen of Buenos Aires;

el ciudadano de a pie the man in the street

* * *

ciudadano

I adj civic;

seguridad ciudadana public safety

II m, ciudadana f citizen;

el ciudadano de a pie the man in the street

* * *

ciudadano, -na adj

: civic, city

ciudadano, -na n

1) nacional: citizen

2) habitante: resident, city dweller

* * *

ciudadano n citizen

un ciudadano español a Spanish citizen

Spanish-English dictionary > ciudadano
7 must

I [ forma debole məst, forma forte mʌst]
verbo modale (negat. must not, mustn't)

1) (indicating obligation)

you must check your rearview mirror before indicating — si deve guardare nello specchietto prima di mettere la freccia

the feeding bottles must be sterilized — i biberon devono essere sterilizzati

he must be consulted first — prima bisogna consultare lui

all visitors must leave the premises — i signori visitatori sono pregati uscire

the loan must be repaid in one year — il prestito deve essere rimborsato in un anno

withdrawals must not exceed Ј 200 — i prelievi non possono superare le 200 sterline

you mustn't mention this to anyone — non devi farne parola con nessuno

2) (indicating requirement)

candidates must be EU nationals — i candidati dovranno essere cittadini comunitari

to gain a licence you must spend 40 hours in the air — per ottenere il brevetto devi avere fatto almeno 40 ore di volo

3) (stressing importance, necessity)

you must be patient — devi avere pazienza

tell her she mustn't worry — dille di non preoccuparsi o che non deve preoccuparsi

we must never forget — non dimentichiamocelo mai

I must ask you not to smoke — devo chiedervi di non fumare

I feel I must tell you that — mi sento in dovere di dirti che

it must be said that — bisogna dire che

I must apologize for being late — chiedo scusa per il ritardo

I must say, I was impressed — devo dire che sono rimasto impressionato

4) (expressing intention)

I must check the reference — devo verificare la fonte di riferimento

5) (indicating irritation)

well, come in if you must — e va bene, entra, se proprio devi

why must he always be so cynical? — perché dev'essere sempre così cinico?

he's ill, if you must know — è malato, se proprio vuoi saperlo

6) (in suggestions)

we really must get together soon — dobbiamo assolutamente rivederci al più presto

you must meet John — devi conoscere John

7) (expressing assumption, probability)

it must be difficult living there — dev'essere difficile vivere là

there must be some mistake! — dev'esserci qualche errore!

what must people think? — che cosa ne deve pensare la gente?

because he said nothing people thought he must be shy — siccome stava in silenzio, la gente pensava che fosse timido

they must really detest each other — si devono veramente detestare

anyone who believes her must be naïve — chi le crede è un ingenuo

you must be out of your mind! — devi essere impazzito!

8) (expressing desire)

this I must see! — devo assolutamente vederlo!

we simply must get away from here! — dobbiamo a tutti i costi uscire di qua!
II [mʌst]
nome

it's a must — è un must ( for per)

this film is a must — questo film è imperdibile

if you're going to Paris, a visit to the Louvre is a must — se vai a Parigi devi assolutamente visitare il Louvre
III [mʌst]
nome enol. mosto m.

* * *
1. negative short form - mustn't; verb
1) (used with another verb to express need: We must go to the shops to get milk.) dovere

2) (used, usually with another verb, to suggest a probability: They must be finding it very difficult to live in such a small house.) dovere

3) (used, usually with another verb, to express duty, an order, rule etc: You must come home before midnight; All competitors must be under 15 years of age.) dovere
2. noun
(something necessary, essential, or not to be missed: This new tent is a must for the serious camper.) must, (cosa indispensabile)

- must have

* * *
must (1) /mʌst/
n. [u]

mosto; vino nuovo (fam.).
must (2) /mʌst/
n. [u]

1 muffa

2 sentore di muffa; muffosità.
must (3) /mʌst/
A n. [u]

( d'elefante, cammello) frenesia; furia; stato d'eccitazione sessuale

B a.

( d'elefante, ecc.) infuriato; eccitato.
♦ must (4) /mʌst, məst/
v. modale

must, come tutti i verbi modali, ha caratteristiche particolari:

● è usato solo come presente (tranne che nel discorso indiretto, V. def. 3);

● non ha forme flesse (-s alla 3^a persona sing., -ing, -ed), non è mai usato con ausiliari e non ha quindi tempi composti; in sostituzione si usano, a seconda del significato, to have to, to be obliged, to be likely, ecc.;

● forma le domande mediante la semplice posposizione del soggetto;

● la forma negativa è must not, spesso abbreviato in mustn't;

● l'infinito che segue non ha la particella to;

● viene usato nelle question tags

1 ( esprime dovere dettato da regola, legge, necessità, esigenza, forte opportunità, ecc.) – Rules must be obeyed, si deve obbedire alle regole; le regole vanno obbedite; Dogs must be kept on a lead, i cani devono essere al guinzaglio; A solution must be found, bisogna (o si deve) trovare una soluzione; You mustn't say that, non devi dire così; I must leave in five minutes, devo andar via tra cinque minuti; I really must ring him up, devo proprio telefonargli; I must insist, devo insistere

2 ( esprime forte probabilità, certezza) – It must be dark outside, dev'essere buio fuori; You must be Jack's brother, tu devi essere il fratello di Jack; It must have rained, dev'essere piovuto; Hours must have passed, dovevano essere passate delle ore; You must have heard me when I called you, non puoi non avermi sentito quando ti ho chiamato

3 ( dopo verbi di pensiero, opinione, ecc., al passato) – He decided that he must see her again, decise che doveva rivederla; I knew that I must act quickly, sapevo che dovevo agire immediatamente

4 ( esprime suggerimento o invito pressante) – You must see a doctor, devi farti vedere da un dottore; You mustn't worry, non devi preoccuparti; You must come and see us, dovete venire a trovarci; You simply must see that film, devi assolutamente vedere quel film

5 ( esprime simpatia, sorpresa, incredulità) – She must have been worried sick!, deve essere stata terribilmente in pensiero!; He must be mad, dev'essere matto; You must be joking!, tu scherzi!

6 ( esprime irritazione) – OK, do it, if you must, e va bene, fallo, se proprio devi; He has already paid me, if you must know, mi ha già pagato, se proprio vuoi saperlo; Must you keep the volume so loud?, devi proprio tenere il volume così alto?

● You must know that…, devi sapere che… □ I must say, devo dire; effettivamente; davvero: I must say I was impressed, devo dire che sono rimasto colpito; Very odd, I must say, davvero molto strano □ It must be said that…, bisogna dire che…; va detto che…
must (5) /mʌst/
n.

(fam.) (una) cosa che si deve fare (o conoscere, leggere, vedere, ecc.); (una) cosa di cui non si può fare a meno: This film is a must, è un film da vedere; Sunscreen is a must on a sailboat, non si può fare a meno della crema solare (o la crema solare è indispensabile) in barca a vela

● (fam.) must-buy, cosa da comprare a tutti i costi □ (fam.) must-have, cosa che bisogna avere □ a must-see, una cosa che bisogna vedere.

* * *
I [ forma debole məst, forma forte mʌst]
verbo modale (negat. must not, mustn't)

1) (indicating obligation)

you must check your rearview mirror before indicating — si deve guardare nello specchietto prima di mettere la freccia

the feeding bottles must be sterilized — i biberon devono essere sterilizzati

he must be consulted first — prima bisogna consultare lui

all visitors must leave the premises — i signori visitatori sono pregati uscire

the loan must be repaid in one year — il prestito deve essere rimborsato in un anno

withdrawals must not exceed Ј 200 — i prelievi non possono superare le 200 sterline

you mustn't mention this to anyone — non devi farne parola con nessuno

2) (indicating requirement)

candidates must be EU nationals — i candidati dovranno essere cittadini comunitari

to gain a licence you must spend 40 hours in the air — per ottenere il brevetto devi avere fatto almeno 40 ore di volo

3) (stressing importance, necessity)

you must be patient — devi avere pazienza

tell her she mustn't worry — dille di non preoccuparsi o che non deve preoccuparsi

we must never forget — non dimentichiamocelo mai

I must ask you not to smoke — devo chiedervi di non fumare

I feel I must tell you that — mi sento in dovere di dirti che

it must be said that — bisogna dire che

I must apologize for being late — chiedo scusa per il ritardo

I must say, I was impressed — devo dire che sono rimasto impressionato

4) (expressing intention)

I must check the reference — devo verificare la fonte di riferimento

5) (indicating irritation)

well, come in if you must — e va bene, entra, se proprio devi

why must he always be so cynical? — perché dev'essere sempre così cinico?

he's ill, if you must know — è malato, se proprio vuoi saperlo

6) (in suggestions)

we really must get together soon — dobbiamo assolutamente rivederci al più presto

you must meet John — devi conoscere John

7) (expressing assumption, probability)

it must be difficult living there — dev'essere difficile vivere là

there must be some mistake! — dev'esserci qualche errore!

what must people think? — che cosa ne deve pensare la gente?

because he said nothing people thought he must be shy — siccome stava in silenzio, la gente pensava che fosse timido

they must really detest each other — si devono veramente detestare

anyone who believes her must be naïve — chi le crede è un ingenuo

you must be out of your mind! — devi essere impazzito!

8) (expressing desire)

this I must see! — devo assolutamente vederlo!

we simply must get away from here! — dobbiamo a tutti i costi uscire di qua!
II [mʌst]
nome

it's a must — è un must ( for per)

this film is a must — questo film è imperdibile

if you're going to Paris, a visit to the Louvre is a must — se vai a Parigi devi assolutamente visitare il Louvre
III [mʌst]
nome enol. mosto m.

English-Italian dictionary > must
8 carte

c black carte [kaʀt]

1. feminine noun

   a. card ; (de crédit) credit card

• payer par carte to pay by credit card

   b. (Games) card

• carte à jouer playing card

• battre les cartes to shuffle the cards

• tirer les cartes à qn to read sb's cards

• jouer cartes sur table to put one's cards on the table

   c. [de pays, région] map ; [de mer, ciel, météo] chart

   d. (au restaurant) menu

• on prend le menu ou la carte ? shall we have the set menu or shall we eat à la carte?

• une très bonne carte a very good menu

► à la carte [repas] à la carte ; [retraite, voyage] tailor-made

2. compounds

► carte d'abonnement season ticket

► carte d'acquisition (vidéo) (video) capture card

► carte bancaire bank card

► carte blanche

• avoir carte blanche to have a free hand

• donner carte blanche à qn to give sb a free hand ► Carte bleue ® Visa card ® (functioning as a debit card)

► carte de crédit credit card

► carte d'électeur voting card

► carte d'étudiant student card

► carte de fidélité loyalty card

► carte grise car registration papers

► carte d'identité identity card

► carte à mémoire, carte mémoire smart card ; [d'appareil photo numérique] memory card

► carte modem modem card

► carte orange season ticket for public transport in Paris

► carte de paiement credit card

► carte postale postcard

► carte à puce smart card

► carte de réduction discount card

► carte de résident residence permit

► carte de séjour residence permit

► carte téléphonique or de téléphone phonecard

► carte TV TV (tuner) card

► carte vermeil ≈ senior citizen's rail card

► carte verte [de véhicule] green card (Brit), certificate of insurance (US)

► carte des vins wine list

► carte de visite visiting card

► carte de vœux greetings card (Brit), greeting card (US)

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

CARTES

French people over the age of eighteen are normally required to carry a « carte d'identité » that provides proof of identity in France and can also be used instead of a passport for travel to some countries. Foreign nationals residing in France for more than three months must have a « carte de séjour ». All car owners must have a « carte grise », which provides proof of ownership and must be shown along with one's driving licence if one is stopped by the police.

* * *
kaʀt
nom féminin

1) ( pour écrire) card

2) ( document) gén card; ( laissez-passer) pass

3) Jeux card

carte à jouer — playing card

jouer aux cartes — to play cards

mettre cartes sur table — fig to put one's cards on the table

il possède plus d'une carte dans son jeu — he's got other cards up his sleeve

4) Géographie map

carte marine/du ciel — sea/astronomical chart

5) Biologie

carte génétique — genetic map

6) ( au restaurant) menu

manger à la carte — to eat à la carte, to order from the menu

horaire à la carte — fig personalized timetable

activités sportives à la carte — choice (sg) of sporting activities

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- carte d'abonnement

- carte d'adhérent

- carte d'assuré social

- carte bancaire

- carte bleue

- carte de crédit

- carte d'électeur

- carte d'étudiant

- carte de fidélité

- carte grise

- carte d'identité

- carte jeunes

- carte kiwi

- carte de lecteur

- carte magnétique

- carte maîtresse

- carte à mémoire or à microprocesseur

- carte orange

- carte perforée

- carte postale

- carte de presse

- carte professionnelle

- carte à puce

- carte de réduction

- carte routière

- carte de sécurité sociale

- carte de séjour

- carte SIM

- carte de téléphone

- carte vermeil

- carte verte

- carte des vins

- carte de visite

- carte vitale

- carte de vœux

••

donner carte blanche à quelqu'un — to give somebody carte blanche ou a free hand

brouiller les cartes — to confuse the issue

* * *
kaʀt nf
1) (géographique) map

une carte de France — a map of France

2) [fichier] (index) card

3) [abonnement] pass, [étudiant, membre] card

On a pris une carte de 3 jours. — We bought a 3-day pass.

Vous avez votre carte? — Do you have a pass?

4) (pour jeu, voyance) card

jouer aux cartes — to play cards

tirer les cartes à qn — to read sb's cards

5) (au restaurant) menu

à la carte — à la carte

manger à la carte — to choose from the à la carte menu

Nous avons décidé de manger à la carte. — We decided to choose from the à la carte menu.

6) (carte postale) postcard

7) (carte de visite) card

8) INFORMATIQUE (pour ordinateur) card

9) (autres locutions)

avoir carte blanche — to have carte blanche, to have a free hand

donner carte blanche à qn — to give sb carte blanche, to give sb a free hand

jouer cartes sur table fig — to put one's cards on the table

* * *

carte nf

1 ( pour écrire) card;

2 ( document) gén card; ( laissez-passer) pass;

3 ⇒ Les jeux et les sports Jeux card; carte à jouer playing card; jouer aux cartes to play cards; mettre cartes sur table fig to put one's cards on the table; jouer la carte de qn ( soutenir) to choose to support sb; ( pour obtenir un soutien) to seek the support of sb; jouer la carte de la franchise/du dialogue to opt for sincerity/dialogue; jouer la carte de l'Europe to turn toward(s) Europe; il possède plus d'une carte dans son jeu he's got other cards up his sleeve;

4 Géog map; Astron, Météo, Naut chart; carte de la Corse map of Corsica; carte marine/du ciel sea/astronomical chart;

5 Biol carte génétique genetic map;

6 ( au restaurant) menu; excellente carte excellent range of (à la carte) dishes; prendre la carte, manger à la carte to eat à la carte, to order from the menu; repas à la carte à la carte meal; horaire/programme à la carte fig personalized timetable/programme^GB; activités sportives à la carte choice of sporting activities.

Composés

carte d'abonnement Rail season ticket; carte d'accès à bord Aviat boarding pass; carte d'adhérent membership card; carte d'alimentation ration card; carte d'ancien combattant card issued to war veterans, affording some privileges; carte d'anniversaire birthday card; carte d'assuré social ≈ national insurance card; carte bancaire bank card; carte bleue® credit card; carte de chemin de fer season ou commutation US ticket; carte de correspondance plain postcard; carte de crédit credit card; carte d'électeur polling card GB, voter registration card US; carte électronique de stationnement electronic parking card; carte d'état-major Ordnance Survey map GB, Geological Survey map US; carte d'étudiant student card, student ID card; carte de famille nombreuse card issued to families with three or more children, entitling them to reductions; carte de fidélité discount card; carte graphique Ordinat graphics card; carte grise car registration document ou papers US; carte d'identité scolaire pupil's identity ou ID card; carte d'immatriculation registration card; carte d'immatriculation consulaire card issued by the consulate to French nationals living abroad; carte Interail Interail card; carte d'invalidité disabled persons' card; carte jeunes® (young persons') railcard; Comm (young people's) discount card; carte de lecteur library card, reader's ticket GB; carte magnétique gén magnetic card; ( pour ouvrir une porte) swipe card; carte maîtresse lit master card; fig trump card; carte de membre membership card; carte à mémoire smart card; carte à microprocesseur smart card; carte (nationale) d'identité Admin identity card; carte de Noël Christmas card; carte orange® season ticket (in the Paris region); carte de paiement direct debit card; carte PCI Ordinat PCI card; carte perforée punch card; carte postale postcard; carte de presse press pass; carte privative store card; carte professionnelle identity card (showing occupation); carte à puce smart card; carte de rationnement ration card; carte de réduction discount card; carte routière roadmap; carte scolaire distribution of the state-run schools in an area; carte SCSI Ordinat SCSI card; carte de sécurité sociale = carte d'assuré social; carte de séjour resident's permit; carte SIM Ordinat SIM card; carte syndicale union card; carte de téléphone phonecard; carte téléphonique prépayée telephone voucher; carte vermeil® senior citizen's rail pass; carte verte® Assur, Aut green card GB, ≈ certificate of motor insurance; carte vidéo Ordinat video card; carte des vins wine list; carte de visite gén visiting ou calling card; Comm, Entr business card; carte vitale Ordinat social insurance smart card; carte de vœux greetings card.

Idiomes

avoir carte blanche to have carte blanche ou a free hand; donner carte blanche à qn to give sb carte blanche ou a free hand; brouiller les cartes to confuse the issue.

ⓘ Carte bleue A credit card issued by French banks, which can be part of the international Visa network. Payments made using a carte bleue can be debited from the account immediately or at the end of the following month. The card is accepted wherever the CB sign is displayed.

ⓘ Carte d'identité Not to be confused with a passport, this is a proof of identity carried by most French citizens. It is issued free of charge generally by the préfecture and is valid for ten years. Though not compulsory, it is often used to guarantee payments by cheque and is accepted as a travel document within EU member states.

[kart] nom féminin

A.

1. [courrier] card

carte d'anniversaire birthday card

carte d'invitation invitation card

carte de Noël Christmas card

carte postale postcard

carte de visite

a. [personnelle] visiting (UK) ou calling (US) card

b. [professionnelle] business card

carte de vœux New Year greetings card

2. [de restaurant] menu

la carte des vins the wine list

[menu à prix non fixe] à la carte menu

3. [document officiel] card

il a la carte du parti écologiste he's a card-carrying member of the green party

carte d'alimentation ou de rationnement ration card

carte d'abonnement

a. TRANSPORTS season ticket ou pass

b. MUSIQUE & THÉÂTRE season ticket

carte d'adhérent ou de membre membership card

carte d'électeur polling card (UK), voter registration card (US)

carte d'embarquement boarding card

carte d'étudiant student card

carte de famille nombreuse discount card (for families with at least three children)

carte de fidélité loyalty card

carte grise car registration papers

carte (nationale) d'identité (national) identity card ou ID card

carte (nationale) de priorité card giving priority in queues and on public transport

Carte Orange season ticket (on the Paris transport system)

carte de presse presscard

carte de séjour (temporaire) (temporary) residence permit

Carte Vermeilcard entitling senior citizens to reduced rates in cinemas, on public transport etc

carte verte green card (UK), certificate of insurance (US)

donner ou laisser carte blanche à quelqu'un to give somebody carte blanche ou a free hand

4. [moyen de paiement]

Carte Bleue® Visa Card® (with which purchases are debited directly from the holder's current account)

carte de crédit credit card (to back up signatures on bills and to obtain cash from machines)

carte de paiement credit card (to effect automatic payment for goods and services)

carte de téléphone ou téléphonique Phonecard®

cabine à cartes cardphone

5. INFORMATIQUE (circuit) card ou board

carte d'extension (mémoire) add-in card

carte graphique graphics card

carte magnétique swipe card

carte à mémoire ou à puce smart card

carte perforée punch card

B. GÉOGRAPHIE & GÉOLOGIE map

ASTRONOMIE & MÉTÉOROLOGIE & NAUTIQUE chart

dresser une carte de la région to map (out) the area

carte du ciel sky chart

carte d'état-major ≃ Ordnance Survey map (UK), ≃ Geological Survey map (US)

carte marine nautical chart

carte routière road map

carte topographique contour map

C. JEUX

carte (à jouer) (playing) card

jeu de cartes

a. [activité] card game

b. [paquet] pack of cards

tirer ou faire (familier) les cartes à quelqu'un to read somebody's cards

se faire tirer les cartes to have one's cards read

jouons la carte de l'honnêteté/la qualité (figuré) let's go for honesty/quality

carte maîtresse

a. (sens propre) master card

b. (figuré) master ou trump card

montrer ses cartes to show one's hand

jouer cartes sur table to lay one's cards on the table

il n'a pas joué toutes ses cartes

a. (sens propre) he hasn't played his last card

b. (figuré) he still has a trick up his sleeve

————————

à la carte locution adjectivale

1. [repas] à la carte

2. [programme, investissement] customized

[horaire] flexible

des séjours à la carte tailor-made ou à la carte holidays

————————

à la carte locution adverbiale

manger à la carte to eat à la carte

CARTE DE SÉJOUR

Foreign nationals living in France are required to carry this document. It is issued by their local préfecture as a certificate of residency

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > carte
9 derecho básico

m.

birthright.

* * *

(n.) = natural right, basic right

Ex. In fact, Bentham said: 'The idea of rights is nonsense and the idea of natural rights is nonsense on stilts'.

Ex. All persons in the United States, including foreign nationals, have certain basic rights that must be respected.

* * *

(n.) = natural right, basic right

Ex: In fact, Bentham said: 'The idea of rights is nonsense and the idea of natural rights is nonsense on stilts'.

Ex: All persons in the United States, including foreign nationals, have certain basic rights that must be respected.

Spanish-English dictionary > derecho básico
10 part

part [paʀ]

feminine noun

   a. (dans un partage) share ; ( = portion) portion ; ( = tranche) slice

• sa part d'héritage his share of the inheritance

• chacun paie sa part everyone pays his share

• prendre une part de gâteau to take a piece or slice of cake

• faire huit parts dans un gâteau to cut a cake into eight slices

• la part du lion the lion's share

• la part du pauvre the crumbs

• part de marché market share

• faire la part belle à qn to give pride of place to sb

   b. ( = participation, partie) part

• part patronale employer's contribution

• part salariale employee's contribution

• prendre une part importante dans... to play an important part in...

   c. (locutions)

► à part ( = de côté) on one side ; ( = séparément) separately ; ( = excepté) apart from ; ( = exceptionnel) special

• prendre qn à part to take sb on one side

• à part cela apart from that

• un cas à part a special case

• c'est un homme à part he's in a class of his own► à part entière

• membre à part entière full member► autre part somewhere else

► d'autre part ( = de plus) moreover ; ( = par ailleurs) on the other hand

• d'une part... d'autre part on the one hand... on the other hand► de la part de (provenance) from ; ( = au nom de) on behalf of

• je viens de la part de Guy I've been sent by Guy

• cela m'étonne de sa part I'm surprised at that from him

• dites-lui bonjour de ma part give him my regards

• c'est gentil de sa part that's nice of him

• c'est de la part de qui ? (au téléphone) who's speaking?► de part en part right through

► de part et d'autre on both sides

► de toutes parts from all sides

► pour ma part for my part

• pour ma part je considère que... for my part, I consider that...► faire part de qch à qn to announce sth to sb

• il m'a fait part de son inquiétude he told me how worried he was► faire la part de qch

• faire la part du hasard to take chance into account

• faire la part des choses to make allowances► prendre part à [+ travail, débat] to take part in ; [+ manifestation] to join in

► prendre qch en mauvaise part to take offence at sth

* * *
paʀ
1.

nom féminin

1) ( portion) (de tarte, gâteau) slice, portion; (de viande, riz) helping, portion; (d'héritage, de marché) share

une part du gâteau — fig a slice ou share of the cake

avoir sa part de misères — to have one's (fair) share of misfortunes

2) ( élément d'un tout) proportion

une grande part de quelque chose — a high proportion ou large part of something

une part de chance — an element of chance

il y a une grande part de fiction dans son récit — his/her account is highly fictional

le hasard n'a aucune part là-dedans — chance has nothing to do with it

pour une bonne or grande part — to a large ou great extent

faire la part de quelque chose — to take something into account ou consideration

faire la part belle à quelqu'un — to give somebody the best deal

à part entière — [membre, citoyen] full (épith); [science, sujet] in its own right

participer aux discussions à part entière — to participate fully in the discussions

3) ( contribution) share

payer sa part — to pay one's share

prendre part à — to take part in

il m'a fait part de ses projets/son inquiétude — he told me about his plans/his concern

je vous ferai part de mes intentions — I'll let you know my intentions

faire part d'une naissance — to announce a birth

4) ( partie d'un lieu)

de toute(s) part(s) — [surgir, arriver] from all sides

de part et d'autre — on both sides, on either side

de part en part — [traverser, transpercer] right ou straight through

5) ( point de vue)

pour ma part — for my part

d'une part..., d'autre part... — ( marquant une énumération) firstly..., secondly...; ( marquant une opposition) on (the) one hand... on the other hand

d'autre part — ( de plus) moreover

prendre quelque chose en bonne/mauvaise part — to take something in good part/take something badly

2.

à part locution

1) ( séparément) [ranger, classer] separately

mettre quelque chose à part — to put something to one side

si on met à part cette partie de la population — leaving aside this section of the population

prendre quelqu'un à part — to take somebody aside ou to one side

2) ( séparé)

une salle à part — a separate room

faire chambre à part — to sleep in separate rooms

3) ( différent)

être un peu à part — [personne] to be out of the ordinary

un cas/lieu à part — a special case/place

4) ( excepté) apart from

à part ça, quoi de neuf? — (colloq) apart from that, what's new?

à part que — apart from the fact that

blague à part — joking aside

3.

de la part de locution prépositive

1) ( à la place de)

de la part de — [agir, écrire, téléphoner] on behalf of

2) ( venant de)

de la part de quelqu'un — from somebody

il y a un message de la part de ton père — there's a message from your father

donne-leur le bonjour de ma part — say hello to them for me

ce n'est pas très gentil de ta part — that's not very nice of you

sans engagement de votre part — with no obligation on your part

de leur part, rien ne m'étonne — nothing they do surprises me

c'est de la part de qui? — ( au téléphone) who's calling please?

••

faire la part du feu — to cut one's losses

faire la part des choses — to put things in perspective

* * *
paʀ
1. vb

See:

partir

2. nf

1) (= fraction, partie) part

Une part de frais est remboursable. — Part of the costs is refundable.

Il y a une part de vantardise dans ce qu'il dit. — There's an element of boasting in what he says.

pour une large part; pour une bonne part — to a great extent

une part de vérité — some truth

Tout mensonge comporte une part de vérité. — Every lie has some truth in it.

une part de responsabilité dans qch — some responsibility for sth

2) (= portion) [gâteau, fromage] piece, portion, (qui revient à qn) share

une part de gâteau — a piece of cake

sa part du gâteau fig — a slice of the cake

avoir sa part — to get one's share

Vous n'avez pas eu votre part. — You haven't had your share.

la part du lion — the lion's share

se tailler la part du lion — to take the lion's share

à part entière (citoyen, membre, partenaire) — full

des partenaires à part entière du système éducatif — full partners in the education system

des tribunaux à part entière — courts in their own right

un membre à part entière — a fully paid-up member

à parts égales; à part égale — equally

3) FINANCE share, non-voting share

4) (= côté)

de toute part; de toutes parts — from all sides, from all quarters

de part et d'autre — on both sides, on either side

d'une part... d'autre part — on the one hand... on the other hand

de part en part — right through

nulle part — nowhere

autre part — elsewhere

quelque part — somewhere

5)

à part [vivre] — separately, [mettre] aside, (employé comme préposition) apart from, except for

Ils sont tous venus, à part Christian. — They all came, except Christian., (employé comme adjectif) (sportif) exceptional, (catégorie) of its own

un statut à part — special status

revendiquer un statut à part — to claim special status

avoir un statut à part — to have special status

vivre dans un monde à part — to live in another world

6) (autres locutions)

prendre qch en bonne part — to take sth well

prendre qch en mauvaise part — to take sth badly

faire la part des choses — to make allowances

faire la part du feu fig — to cut one's losses

faire la part (trop) belle à qn [homme] — to give sb more than his share, [femme] to give sb more than her share

faire la part belle à qch — to place great emphasis on sth

prendre part à [débat] — to take part in, [soucis, douleur de qn] to share

Il va prendre part à la réunion. — He's going to take part in the meeting.

Nous prenons part à votre grande douleur. — We share your grief.

faire part de qch à qn — to announce sth to sb, to inform sb of sth

pour ma part — as for me, as far as I'm concerned

de la part de (= au nom de) — on behalf of, (= donné par) from

Je dois vous remercier de la part de mon frère. — I must thank you on behalf of my brother.

C'est un cadeau pour toi, de la part de Françoise. — It's a present for you, from Françoise.

c'est de la part de qui? (au téléphone) — who's calling please?, who's speaking please?

* * *

part

A nf

1 ( portion) (de tarte, gâteau) slice, portion; (de viande, riz) helping, portion; ( d'héritage) share; couper qch en six parts égales to cut sth into six equal portions; vouloir/mériter une part du gâteau fig to want/deserve a slice ou share of the cake; avoir sa part de misères/souffrances/soucis to have one's (fair) share of misfortunes/suffering/worries; la part du pauvre some food for the unexpected guest;

2 ( élément d'un tout) proportion, part; une part des bénéfices/du budget a proportion of the profits/of the budget; une part non négligeable de leur revenu a significant proportion of their income; une grande part de qch a high proportion ou large part of sth; une part de chance/jeu/sacrifice an element of chance/risk/sacrifice; il y a une grande part de fiction/de réel dans son récit his account is highly fictional/very much based on reality; le hasard n'a aucune part là-dedans chance has nothing to do with it; pour une part to some extent; pour une bonne or grande part to a large ou great extent; faire la part de qch to take sth into account ou consideration; faire la part des choses to put things in perspective; faire la part belle à qch to place ou put great emphasis on sth; faire la part belle à qn to give sb the best deal; à part entière [membre, citoyen] full ( épith); [science, sujet] in its own right; ils sont français à part entière they are full French nationals; c'est un art à part entière it's an art in its own right; participer aux travaux/discussions à part entière to participate fully in the work/discussions;

3 ( contribution) share; payer sa part to pay one's share; chacun paie sa part, c'est mieux everyone pays their share, it's better that way; faire sa part de travail/ménage to do one's share of the work/housework; prendre part à to take part in [activité, discussion, travail, conflit]; nous prenons part à votre douleur or peine we share your grief; il m'a fait part de ses projets/son inquiétude he told me about his plans/concern; je vous ferai part de mes intentions I'll let you know my intentions; Hélène et Roger Moulin sont heureux de vous faire part de la naissance de leur fille Zoé Hélène and Roger Moulin are pleased to announce the birth of their daughter Zoé;

4 ( partie d'un lieu) de toute(s) part(s) [surgir, arriver] from all sides; être attaqué de toutes parts to be attacked from all sides; de part et d'autre on both sides, on either side (de qch of sth); il y a une volonté de dialogue de part et d'autre there is a willingness to talk on both sides; de part en part [traverser, transpercer] right ou straight through; ⇒ autre C, nul E, quelque D;

5 ( point de vue) pour ma/ta/notre part for my/your/our part; il a pour sa part déclaré que… for his part he declared that…; d'une part…, d'autre part… ( marquant une énumération) firstly…, secondly…; ( marquant une opposition) on (the) one hand… on the other hand; d'autre part ( de plus) moreover; prendre qch en bonne/mauvaise part to take sth in good part/take sth badly;

6 Fin, Écon part (sociale or d'intérêt) share; avoir des parts dans une société to have shares in a company; une part de marché a market share; part de fondateur founder's share;

7 Fisc unit on which the calculation of personal tax is based;

8 Scol, Univ unit on which the calculation of student grants is based.

B à part loc

1 ( à l'écart) [ranger, classer] separately; mettre qch à part to put sth to one side; si on met à part cette partie de la population leaving aside this section of the population; préparez une sauce/des légumes à part prepare a sauce/some vegetables separately; prendre qn à part to take sb aside ou to one side;

2 ( séparé) une salle à part a separate room; faire lit/chambre à part to sleep in separate beds/rooms;

3 ( différent) être un peu à part [personne] to be out of the ordinary; un cas/lieu à part a special case/place; un personnage à part a unique character;

4 ( excepté) apart from; (mis) à part ça il est charmant apart from that he's charming; à part ça, quoi de neuf○? apart from that, what's new?; la semaine s'est bien passée à part un jour de pluie the week went well apart from one rainy day; à part que apart from the fact that; blague à part joking aside.

C de la part de loc prép

1 ( à la place de) [agir, écrire, téléphoner] de la part de on behalf of; je vous souhaite bonne chance de la part de toute l'équipe on behalf of the whole team I wish you good luck; je vous appelle de la part de M. Pichon I'm phoning on behalf of Mr Pichon;

2 ( venant de) de la part de qn from sb; il y a un message de la part de ton père there's a message from your father; j'ai un cadeau pour toi de la part de ma sœur I've got a present for you from my sister; donne-leur le bonjour de ma part say hello to them for me; ce n'est pas très gentil de ta part that wasn't very nice of you; sans engagement de votre part with no obligation on your part; de leur part, rien ne m'étonne nothing they do surprises me; c'est de la part de qui? ( au téléphone) who's calling ou speaking please?

Idiome

faire la part du feu to cut one's losses.

[par] nom féminin

1. [dans un partage - de nourriture] piece, portion ; [ - d'un butin, de profits, de travail etc] share

une part de gâteau a slice of cake

à chacun sa part share and share alike

elle a eu sa part de soucis she's had her share of worries

repose-toi, tu as fait ta part have a rest, you've done your bit

avoir part à to have a share in, to share (in)

avoir la part belle to get a good deal

faire la part belle à quelqu'un to give somebody a good deal

vouloir sa part de ou du gâteau to want one's share of the cake

se réserver ou se tailler la part du lion to keep ou to take the lion's share

2. DROIT [pour les impôts] basic unit used for calculating personal income tax

un couple avec un enfant a deux parts et demie a couple with a child has a tax allowance worth two and a half (UK) ou has two and a half tax exemptions (US)

3. ÉCONOMIE & FINANCE

part de marché market share

part sociale/d'intérêts unquoted/partner's share

4. [fraction] part, portion

en grande part for the most part, largely, to a large extent

les sociétés, pour la plus grande part, sont privatisées firms, for the most part, are privatized

il y a une grande part de peur dans son échec her failure is due to a large extent to fear, fear goes a long way towards explaining her failure

5. [participation]

prendre part à

a. [discussion, compétition, manifestation] to take part in

b. [cérémonie, projet] to join in, to play a part in

c. [attentat] to take part in, to play a part in

prendre part à la joie/peine de quelqu'un to share (in) somebody's joy/sorrow

il faut faire la part du hasard/de la malchance you have to recognize the part played by chance/ill-luck, you have to make allowances for chance/ill-luck

faire la part des choses to take things into consideration

faire la part du feu to cut one's losses

6. THÉÂTRE [aparté] (artist's) cut

7. (locution)

de la part de [au nom de]: je viens de la part de Paula Paula sent me

donne-le lui de ma part give it to her from me

dis-lui au revoir/merci de ma part say goodbye/thank you for me

je vous appelle de la part de Jacques I'm calling on behalf of Jacques

de la part de [provenant de]: de ta part, cela me surprend beaucoup I'm surprised at you

je ne m'attendais pas à une telle audace/mesquinerie de sa part I didn't expect such boldness/meanness from him

c'est très généreux de ta part that's very generous of you

cela demande un certain effort de votre part it requires a certain amount of effort on your part

c'est de la part de qui? [au téléphone, à un visiteur] who (shall I say) is calling?

pour ma/sa part (as) for me/him

faire part de quelque chose à quelqu'un to announce something to somebody, to inform somebody of something

prendre quelque chose en bonne part to take something in good part

prendre quelque chose en mauvaise part to take offence at something, to take something amiss

ne le prenez pas en mauvaise part, mais... don't be offended, but..

————————

à part locution adjectivale

1. [séparé - comptes, logement] separate

2. [original, marginal] odd

ce sont des gens à part these people are rather special

————————

à part locution adverbiale

1. [à l'écart]

elle est restée à part toute la soirée she kept herself to herself all evening

mets les dossiers bleus à part put the blue files to one side

mis à part deux ou trois détails, tout est prêt except for ou apart from two or three details, everything is ready

2. [en aparté]

prendre quelqu'un à part to take somebody aside ou to one side

3. [séparément] separately

————————

à part locution prépositionnelle

1. [excepté] except for, apart ou aside from

à part cela apart from that, that aside

2. (soutenu)

elle se disait à part soi que... she said to herself that...

à part entière locution adjectivale

un membre à part entière de a full ou fully paid up member of

citoyen à part entière person with full citizenship (status)

elle est devenue une actrice à part entière she's now a proper ou a fully-fledged actress

————————

à part que locution conjonctive

(familier)

except that, if it weren't ou except for the fact that

c'est une jolie maison, à part qu'elle est un peu humide it's a nice house, except that it's a bit damp

de part en part locution adverbiale

from end to end, throughout, right through

la poutre est fendue de part en part the beam is split from end to end

de part et d'autre locution adverbiale

1. [des deux côtés] on both sides, on either side

2. [partout] on all sides

de part et d'autre de locution prépositionnelle

on both sides of

————————

de toute(s) part(s) locution adverbiale

(from) everywhere, from all sides ou quarters

ils accouraient de toutes parts vers le village they were rushing towards the village from all directions

————————

d'une part... d'autre part locution correlative

on the one hand... on the other hand

————————

pour une large part locution adverbiale

to a great extent

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > part
11 French

[frentʃ] 1.
aggettivo [town, food] francese; [ embassy] francese, di Francia
2.
nome (pl. French)

1) (people)

the French — + verbo pl. i francesi

2) (language) francese m.

pardon my French — scherz. scusate il linguaggio
3.
modificatore (of French) [teacher, course] di francese; (into French) [ translation] in francese

••

to take French leave — filarsela all'inglese, tagliare la corda

* * *
[fren ]
(potato chips.) patatine fritte

- French beans

* * *
[frɛntʃ]
1. adj

francese, (lesson, teacher etc) di francese

2. n

1) (language) francese m

I can speak French — parlo il francese

the French teacher — l'insegnante di francese

2)

(people) the French npl — i francesi

* * *
French /frɛntʃ/
A a.

1 francese: French nationals, cittadini francesi

2 di (lingua) francese: French lessons [teacher], lezioni [insegnante] di francese

B n.

1 [u] francese ( la lingua): I need to learn French, devo imparare il francese

2 – (collett.) the French, i francesi

● French beans, fagiolini (verdi) □ French bread, pane francese; baguette (franc.) □ French Canadian, franco-canedese; canadese francofono □ French chalk, gesso (o pietra) da sarto □ French cuff, polsino doppio □ ( grafica) French curve, curvilineo □ ( USA) French door = French window ► sotto □ (edil.) French drain, vespaio □ French dressing, vinaigrette (franc.); (in USA, anche) condimento per insalata a base di maionese e ketchup □ ( USA) French fries, patatine fritte ( a bastoncino) □ (mus.) French horn, corno a pistoni; corno francese □ French kiss, bacio in bocca; bacio con la lingua □ ( ricamo) French knot, punto nodo □ (fam.) French letter, preservativo; profilattico □ French loaf, filone (di pane) francese; filoncino; baguette (franc.) □ (tecn.) French polish, vernice a spirito a base di gommalacca ( per mobili) □ French polisher, verniciatore con la gommalacca; lucidatore (di mobili) □ French press, caffettiera ( a pressione-infusione) □ (stor.) the French Revolution, la Rivoluzione francese □ (geogr.) the French Riviera, la Costa azzurra □ (edil.) French roof, tetto a mansarda □ French roll, chignon a banana □ ( sartoria) French seam, cucitura con gli orli ripiegati all'interno □ French toast, fetta di pane passata in un miscuglio di uovo e latte e fritta □ (edil.) French window, portafinestra □ (fam.) Excuse (o Pardon) my French, con licenza parlando □ (GB, antiq.) to take French leave, andarsene alla chetichella; tagliare la corda (fam.); filarsela all'inglese (fam.).

* * *
[frentʃ] 1.
aggettivo [town, food] francese; [ embassy] francese, di Francia
2.
nome (pl. French)

1) (people)

the French — + verbo pl. i francesi

2) (language) francese m.

pardon my French — scherz. scusate il linguaggio
3.
modificatore (of French) [teacher, course] di francese; (into French) [ translation] in francese

••

to take French leave — filarsela all'inglese, tagliare la corda

English-Italian dictionary > French
12 cohibir

v.

1 to inhibit.

2 to restrain, to curb, to curtail, to inhibit.

* * *

cohibir

Conjugation model [ PROHIBIR], like link=prohibir prohibir

► verbo transitivo

1 to inhibit, restrain

► verbo pronominal cohibirse

1 to feel inhibited, feel embarrassed

* * *

1. VT

1) (=incomodar) to make awkward o ill-at-ease; (=avergonzar) to make shy, embarrass

2) (Jur) to restrain, restrict

3) (Med) to inhibit

2.

See:

cohibirse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

a) ( inhibir) to inhibit

la presencia de su padre lo cohibe — he feels inhibited in front of his father

b) ( hacer sentir incómodo)

hablar en público lo cohíbe — he feels embarrassed about speaking in public
2.
cohibirse v pron

se cohibió al verme — he went all shy when he saw me (colloq)

* * *

= stifle, inhibit.

Ex. Excessive emphasis on the need to exact payment will stifle the flow of information.

Ex. Likewise, a library or consortium -- and ultimately the user -- is ill-served by a system which inhibits the realization of a rational collection policy by permitting the duplication of expensive items.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

a) ( inhibir) to inhibit

la presencia de su padre lo cohibe — he feels inhibited in front of his father

b) ( hacer sentir incómodo)

hablar en público lo cohíbe — he feels embarrassed about speaking in public
2.
cohibirse v pron

se cohibió al verme — he went all shy when he saw me (colloq)

* * *

= stifle, inhibit.

Ex: Excessive emphasis on the need to exact payment will stifle the flow of information.

Ex: Likewise, a library or consortium -- and ultimately the user -- is ill-served by a system which inhibits the realization of a rational collection policy by permitting the duplication of expensive items.

* * *

cohibir [ I22 ]

vt

(inhibir) to inhibit

(hacer sentir incómodo): hablar en público lo cohíbe he feels embarrassed o shy o awkward about speaking in public

la presencia masiva de nacionales no cohibió a los pocos extranjeros the huge presence of nationals did not inhibit the few foreigners

■ cohibirse

v pron

el niño se cohibió al ver tanta gente the child came over o went all shy when he saw so many people ( colloq)

* * *

cohibir ( conjugate cohibir) verbo transitivo
a) ( inhibir) to inhibit;

◊ su presencia me cohíbe I feel inhibited in front of him

b) ( hacer sentir incómodo):

◊ hablar en público lo cohíbe he feels awkward about speaking in public

cohibirse verbo pronominal
a) ( inhibirse) to feel inhibited

b) ( sentirse incómodo) to feel awkward

cohibir verbo transitivo to inhibit
' cohibir' also found in these entries:
English:
inhibit

* * *

cohibir

♦ vt

to inhibit;

su presencia me cohíbe her presence inhibits me

♦ See also the pronominal verb cohibirse

* * *

cohibir

v/t inhibit

* * *

cohibir {62} vt

: to inhibit, to make self-conscious

♦ See also the reflexive verb cohibirse

Spanish-English dictionary > cohibir
13 city

['sɪtɪ]
n

город

See:

parts of the city, city services

What kind of accommodation can you get in this city? — Как в этом городе устроиться с жильем?

I am allergic to big cities. — В больших городах я чувствую себя неуютно.

Outlying districts were annexed by the city. — Пригороды вошли в черту города.

The road runs between the two cities. — Эти два города соединены дорогой.

New suburbs sprang up all around the city. — Вокруг города возникли новые районы.

The city was destroyed by fire. — Город был уничтожен пожаром.

Cities are taken by ears. — Молва города берет.

- a big city

- rapidly growing city
- developing city
- free city
- great city
- overpopulated city
- densely populated city
- European city
- oriental city
- major cities
- industrial city
- capital city
- cathedral city
- fortress city
- sister cities
- townsman
- city life
- city folk
- city water supply
- city gas supply
- city utility service
- city government
- city builder
- city traffic
- city fathers
- city authorities
- city with a population of... people
- city of military glory
- attractions of a big city
- outskirts of the city
- offices buildings of the city
- bird's eye view of the city
- views of the city
- guests of the city
- places of interest
- green belt around the city
- favourite spots of city folk
- major of the city
- post-card with views of the city
- monuments of the city
- guide book to the city
- limits of the city
- slums of the city
- city planning
- outlay of the city
- centre of the city
- clatter of the busy city
- general sightseeing tour around the city
- in the city of Moscow
- within the city
- from one end of the city to the other
- from all parts of the city co
- all over the city
- east ward of the city
- wander around a city
- restore a city
- be city bred
- give running commentary during a city sightseeing trip
- live in a city
- do a city
- found a city
- lay out parks in the city
- plan out a city
- expand the boundaries of the city
- capture a city
- abandon the city to the enemy
- attack a city
- rebuild a city
- pay a visit to a city
- city lies is located on the river
USAGE:

(1.) Притом, что английское существительное в принципе утратило категорию рода, и неодушевленное существительное имеет обычно заместителем местоимение it, иногда проявляются рудименты утраченной родовой системы. Так, city имеет женский род: Нью-Йорк - красивый город, New-York - she is a beautiful city; города-побратимы - sister cities. (2.) Для образования названий жителей городов существует несколько словообразовательных моделей разной степени продуктивности. Наиболее продуктивен суффикс -er, прибавляющийся к названию города: London - Londoner, New-York - New-Yorker. Менее продуктивны суффиксы -ian: Paris - Parisian; -an: Rome - Roman; -ite: Moscow - Moscowite. От некоторых названий городов нельзя образовать названий жителей по модели: Liverpool - Liverpoollian, a Scouser (inform.); Manchester - Manchurian; Glasgow - Glaswegians. Всегда можно употребить словосочетание: a citizen of London, residents of Lisbon, city-dwellers и предложение She/he comes from Aberbin - она/он из Абердина. (3.) Citizen - имеет два значения: (1) горожанин и (2) гражданин. Во втором значении имеет синонимы subject и national. Citizen - полноправный житель страны - an American citizen; She is German by birth but is now a French citizen. Она родилась в Америке, но сейчас постоянно живет во Франции. Citizenship - гражданство, включает права и обязанности гражданина: He applied for American citizenship. Он подал заявление/прошение об американском гражданстве. She was granted British citizenship. Она получила британское гражданство. Subject - подданный - употребляется лишь в монархических государствах: a British subject. National - житель страны, но гражданин другого государства: Many Turkish nationals work in Germany. В Германии работает много граждан Турции. (4.) Сочетание a capital city и the capital of the country имеют разные значения. A capital city - большой город регионального значения: New-York (Rostov-on-Don, Barcelona) is a capital city. Столица государства - the capital: London is the capital of the UK. CULTURE NOTE: (1.) Некоторые города имеют традиционные названия: Eternal City - Вечный город - Рим; City in Seven Hills - Город на семи холмах - Рим; City of Dreaming Spires - Город дремлющих шпилей - Оксфорд; City of David - Град Давидов - Иерусалим и Вифлеем; City of Brotherly Love - (Am.) Город братской любви - Филадельфия; Empire City - Имперский город - Нью-Йорк; Big Apple City - Город большого яблока - Нью-Йорк; Fun City - город развлечений - Нью-Йорк; Federal City - Вашингтон; The Granite City - город Абердин (Шотландия); Holy City - Священный город - Иерусалим; Forbidden City - "Запретный город" - дворец китайского императора; Cities of the Plain - библ. Содом и Гоморра; Soul City - Гарлем; Windy City - Чикаго; Quaker City - город квакеров - Филадельфия; The City of God - Град Господень - небо, церковь; The Heavenly City - Новый Иерусалим; Celestial City - царствие небесное библ. Небесный град - Новый Иерусалим; Sea-born town - город, рожденный морем - Венеция. (2.) Разные территориальные части Лондона имеют разные названия. Они употребляются с определенным артиклем и пишутся с заглавной буквы: the West End - аристократический район города; the East End - рабочий район; the City - деловая часть Лондона; Soho - район иммигрантов в центре Лондона, известен своими ресторанами национальной кухни; The Docks - бывший район доков и верфей, теперь перестроен и имеет современный вид, место, где обычно селится Лондонская богема

English-Russian combinatory dictionary > city
14 must

I.

must n Wine moût m.

II.

must, [transcription][m\\@st]

❢ When must indicates obligation or necessity, French tends to use either the verb devoir or the impersonal construction il faut que + subjunctive: I must go = je dois partir, il faut que je parte. For examples and particular usages see A 1 and A 3 below. See also have B 1 and the related usage note.

When must expresses assumptions or probability, the verb devoir is always used: it must strike you as odd that = ça doit te sembler bizarre que (+ subj). See A 7 below for further examples. For the conjugation of devoir, see the French verb tables.

A modal aux ( nég must not, mustn't)

1 (indicating obligation, prohibition) you must check your rearview mirror before indicating il faut regarder dans le rétroviseur avant de mettre son clignotant ; the feeding bottles must be sterilized les biberons doivent être stérilisés ; they said she must be consulted first ils ont dit qu'il fallait d'abord la consulter ; must we really be up by 7 am? est-ce qu'il faut vraiment qu'on soit levé pour 7 heures? ; you mustn't mention this to anyone il ne faut en parler à personne, tu ne dois en parler à personne ; all visitors must leave the premises tous les visiteurs doivent quitter les lieux ; the loan must be repaid in one year le prêt est remboursable en un an ; withdrawals must not exceed £200 les retraits ne doivent pas dépasser 200 livres sterling ; they begin, as all parents must, to adapt comme tous les parents, ils commencent à s'habituer ; it must eventually have an effect ça doit finir par avoir des conséquences ;

2 (indicating requirement, condition) candidates must be EU nationals les candidats doivent être ressortissants d'un des pays de l'UE ; applicants must have spent at least one year abroad les candidats doivent avoir passé au moins un an à l'étranger ; to gain a licence you must spend 40 hours in the air pour obtenir son brevet il faut avoir 40 heures de vol ;

3 (stressing importance, necessity) children must be alerted to the dangers les enfants doivent être avertis des dangers, il faut que les enfants soient avertis des dangers ; we must do more to improve standards il faut faire plus or nous devons faire plus pour améliorer le niveau ; immigrants must not become scapegoats il ne faut pas que les immigrés deviennent des boucs émissaires, les immigrés ne doivent pas devenir des boucs émissaires ; you must be patient il faut que tu sois patient, tu dois être patient ; tell her she mustn't worry dis-lui de ne pas s'inquiéter ; we must never forget il ne faut jamais oublier ; I must ask you not to smoke je dois vous demander de ne pas fumer ; it's very odd I must admit c'est très étrange je dois l'avouer ; I feel I must tell you that je pense devoir te dire que ; it must be said that il faut dire que ; I must apologize for being late je vous demande d'excuser mon retard ; I must say I was impressed je dois dire que j'étais impressionné ; that was pretty rude I must say! je dois dire que c'était assez impoli! ; very nice, I must say! iron très gentil vraiment! iron ;

4 ( expressing intention) we must ask them about it soon il faut que nous leur demandions bientôt ; I must check the reference je dois vérifier la référence, il faut que je vérifie la référence ; we mustn't forget to let the cat out il ne faut pas or nous ne devons pas oublier de laisser sortir le chat ;

5 ( indicating irritation) well, come in if you must bon, entre si tu insistes ; why must she always be so cynical? pourquoi faut-il toujours qu'elle soit si cynique? ; he's ill, if you must know il est malade si tu veux vraiment le savoir ; must you make such a mess? est-ce que tu as vraiment besoin de mettre le désordre? ;

6 (in invitations, suggestions) you must come and visit us! il faut vraiment que vous veniez nous voir! ; we really must get together soon il faudrait vraiment qu'on se voie bientôt ; you must meet Flora Brown il faut absolument que tu fasses la connaissance de Flora Brown ;

7 (expressing assumption, probability) it must be difficult living there ça doit être difficile de vivre là-bas ; it must have been very interesting for you to do ça a dû être très intéressant pour toi de faire ; there must be some mistake! il doit y avoir une erreur! ; they must be wondering what happened to us ils doivent se demander ce qui nous est arrivé ; what must people think? qu'est-ce que les gens doivent penser? ; viewers must have been surprised les téléspectateurs ont dû être surpris ; that must mean we're at the terminus ça doit vouloir dire que nous sommes au terminus ; that must be Marie-Hélène's tea ça doit être le thé de Marie-Hélène ; because he said nothing people thought he must be shy comme il ne disait rien les gens pensaient qu'il devait être timide ; they must really detest each other ils doivent vraiment se détester ; they must be even richer than we thought ils doivent être encore plus riches qu'on ne le pensait ; ‘he said so’-‘oh well it MUST be right, mustn't it?’ iron ‘c'est ce qu'il a dit’-‘ça doit être vrai alors!’ ; anyone who believes her must be naïve il faut vraiment être naïf pour la croire ; you must be out of your mind! tu es fou! ;

8 (expressing strong interest, desire) this I must see! il faut que je voie ça! ; we simply must get away from here! il faut à tout prix que nous sortions d'ici!

B n it's a must c'est indispensable (for pour) ; the book is a must for all gardeners ce livre est indispensable or est un must ○ pour tous les amateurs de jardinage ; Latin is no longer a must for access to university le latin n'est plus indispensable pour entrer à l'université ; this film is a must ce film est à voir or à ne pas rater ; if you're going to Paris, a visit to the Louvre is a must si vous allez à Paris une visite au Louvre s'impose.

Big English-French dictionary > must
15 circulación

f.

1 circulation, traffic.

2 circulation, blood circulation.

3 currency.

* * *

circulación

► nombre femenino

1 (gen) circulation

2 (de vehículos) traffic

■ esta autopista tiene mucha circulación this is a busy motorway

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

estar fuera de circulación to be out of circulation

poner en circulación to put into circulation

quitar de la circulación / retirar de la circulación to withdraw from circulation

circulación sanguínea / circulación de la sangre blood circulation

circulación rodada vehicular traffic, traffic

código de (la) circulación highway code

* * *

noun f.

circulation

* * *

SF

1) (Aut) traffic

calle de gran circulación — busy street

en el continente la circulación es por la derecha — on the Continent they drive on the right

circulación prohibida — no traffic

circulación rodada — vehicular traffic

cerrado a la circulación rodada — closed to vehicular traffic o vehicles

circulación única — Méx one way (traffic)

2) (Med) circulation

circulación de la sangre, circulación sanguínea — circulation of the blood

3) (Econ) circulation

estar fuera de circulación — to be out of circulation, be no longer current

poner algo en circulación — to issue sth, put sth into circulation

circulación fiduciaria — paper money, paper currency

* * *

femenino

1) ( movimiento) movement; (Auto) traffic

- circulación rodada

2) (Biol, Med) circulation

la circulación sanguínea — the circulation of the blood

3) (Fin) circulation

•

- circulación fiduciaria

* * *

femenino

1) ( movimiento) movement; (Auto) traffic

- circulación rodada

2) (Biol, Med) circulation

la circulación sanguínea — the circulation of the blood

3) (Fin) circulation

•

- circulación fiduciaria

* * *

circulación¹

¹ = flow, stream of traffic, circulation, traffic, movement.

Ex: The vocabulary used in conjunction with PRECIS is split in two sections, one part for Entities (or things) and the other for Attributes (properties of things, for example colour, weight; activities of things, for example flow, and properties of activities, for example, slow, turbulent).

Ex: Laura Carpozzi head of the circulation department, who was on the far side of the desk, heard the checker's outburst and espied the bottleneck in the stream of traffic.

Ex: For example, the heading ' circulation of the blood' is acceptable, but the very similar 'Movement of fluids in plants' is not.

Ex: Above all, we specified a variety of reader places and that all traffic in and out of the library be controlled from one point.

Ex: She is a dynamic dancer and expresses her movements with ultimate power.

* circulación de información = flow of information.

* circulación de la información = flow of information.

* circulación del aire = air flow, airflow.

* circulación libre = free flow.

* circulación masiva = mass circulation.

* circulación por carretera = road traffic.

* código de circulación = highway code.

* distintivo de impuesto de circulación = road tax disc.

* estado de la circulación = traffic conditions.

* fuera de circulación = out of circulation.

* impuesto de circulación = road tax.

* libre circulación de la información = free flow of information.

* libre circulación de mercancías = free movement of goods.

* permiso de circulación = driving licence, driver's licence, driving permit.

* permiso de circulación internacional = international driving permit, international driving licence.

* seguridad de circulación en bicicleta = bicycle safety.

* señal de circulación = road sign.

* señalización de circulación = road signage.

* sistema de circulación del agua = water circulation system.

circulación²

= circulation, circ [circulation].

Nota: Abreviatura.

Ex: Each local library is a separate administrative unit with separate and independent files for circulation, acquisitions, periodicals, and holdings.

Ex: As public library circ declines, spending continues to top inflation.

* circulación de documentos = flow of documents, stock circulation.

* circulación de publicaciones periódicas = periodical routing.

* control de circulación = circulation control.

* control de la circulación de publicaciones seriadas = serials circulation control.

* departamento de circulación = circulation department.

* estadística de circulación = circulation statistics.

* fichero de circulación = circulation file.

* hoja de circulación = routing slip, circulation slip.

* lista de circulación = routing list, circulation list.

* módulo de circulación = circulation system, circulation module.

* mostrador de circulación = circulation desk.

* poner en circulación = circulate.

* sistema de circulación automatizado = automated circulation system.

* * *

circulación

feminine

A

1 (movimiento) movement

la libre circulación de los extranjeros the free movement of foreign nationals

2 ( Auto) traffic

Compuesto:

circulación rodada

vehicular traffic

B ( Biol, Med) circulation

la circulación sanguínea or de la sangre the circulation of the blood

tener buena/mala circulación to have good/bad circulation

C ( Fin) circulation; (de un periódico, una revista) circulation

el último número fue retirado de la circulación the last issue was withdrawn from circulation

estar en/fuera de circulación to be in/out of circulation

la gripe lo tiene fuera de circulación (the) flu has put him out of circulation

Compuesto:

circulación fiduciaria

fiduciary money, fiat money ( AmE)

* * *

circulación sustantivo femenino
a) ( en general) circulation;

◊ tener mala circulación to have poor circulation

b) ( movimiento) movement;

(Auto) traffic
circulación sustantivo femenino
1 circulation
2 Auto (tráfico) traffic
' circulación' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
sacar
- accidente
- activar
- código
- curso
- fluido
- flujo
- impuesto
- paralizar
- retirar
English:
circulation
- flow
- highway code
- movement
- numb
- traffic
- traffic accident
- action
- call
- high
- road
- test
- withdraw
- withdrawal

* * *

circulación nf

1. [movimiento] movement;

la libre circulación de personas the free movement of people

Comp
la circulación atmosférica atmospheric circulation
2. [de la sangre] circulation;

tiene problemas de circulación he has bad circulation

Comp
circulación de la sangre circulation of the blood;
circulación sanguínea circulation of the blood

3. [de vehículos] traffic

Comp
la circulación rodada vehicular traffic
4. [de moneda, valores, revista] circulation;

fuera de circulación out of circulation;

poner en circulación to put into circulation;

retirar de la circulación to withdraw from circulation

Comp
Fin circulación de capitales circulation of capital; Fin circulación fiduciaria paper currency; Fin circulación monetaria paper currency
* * *

circulación

f

1 movement;

libre circulación POL freedom of movement

2 FIN, MED circulation;

poner en circulación put into circulation;

retirar de la circulación withdraw from circulation fuera de circulación out of circulation

3 AUTO traffic

* * *

circulación nf, pl - ciones

1) : circulation

2) : movement

3) : traffic

* * *

circulación n

1. (en general) circulation

la circulación sanguínea circulation of the blood

ya están en circulación las nuevas monedas the new coins are now in circulation

2. (tráfico) traffic

la circulación es muy densa en el centro traffic is very heavy in town

Spanish-English dictionary > circulación
16 must

must [mʌst]

1. modal verb

   a. (obligation)

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► When must expresses obligation, it is translated either by the impersonal expression il faut que, which is followed by the subjunctive, or by devoir, followed by the infinitive; il faut que is more emphatic.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

• I must be going il faut que je m'en aille

• I must phone my mother il faut que j'appelle ma mère

• I must see him! il faut absolument que je le voie !

• you must get your brakes checked tu dois absolument faire vérifier tes freins

• you must hand your work in on time tu dois rendre ton travail à temps

• why must you always be so pessimistic? pourquoi faut-il toujours que tu sois si pessimiste ?

► must not (forbidding)

patients must not be put at risk il ne faut pas mettre en danger la santé des patients

• it must not be forgotten that... il ne faut pas oublier que...

• "the windows must not be opened" « défense d'ouvrir les fenêtres »► I must say or admit

• this came as a surprise, I must say je dois avouer que cela m'a surpris

• I must admit I'm envious je dois avouer que je suis jaloux

   b. (invitations, suggestions)

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► When you must is used to make invitations and suggestions more forceful, the imperative may be used in French.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

• you must come and have dinner some time venez dîner à la maison un de ces jours

• you must be very careful faites bien attention

• you must stop being so negative ne sois pas si négatif

► you mustn't ( = don't)

you mustn't touch it n'y touche pas

• you mustn't forget to send her a card n'oublie pas de lui envoyer une carte

   c. (indicating certainty) he must be wrong il doit se tromper

• he must be regretting it, mustn't he? il le regrette sûrement

• he must be mad! il est fou !

• you must be joking! vous plaisantez !

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► When must refers to the past, it is translated by the imperfect of devoir.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

• I thought he must be really old je me suis dit qu'il devait être très vieux

• he said there must be some mistake il a dit qu'il devait y avoir une erreur

► must have made/had/been etc

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► The perfect tense of devoir + infinitive is generally used to translate must have + past participle.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

• I must have made a mistake j'ai dû me tromper

• you must have had some idea of the situation tu as dû te rendre compte de la situation

• was he disappointed? -- he must have been! est-ce qu'il a été déçu ? -- sûrement !

2. noun

( = indispensable thing) (inf) must (inf) m

• a must for all students! un must pour les étudiants !

3. compounds

► must-have noun must m adjective

incontournable

* * *

Note: When must indicates obligation or necessity, French tends to use either the verb devoir or the impersonal construction il faut que + subjunctive: I must go = je dois partir, il faut que je parte. For examples and particular usages see I 1 and I 3 below. See also have II 1 and the related usage note

When must expresses assumption or probability, the verb devoir is always used: it must strike you as odd that = ça doit te sembler bizarre que (+ subj). See I 7 below for further examples

For the conjugation of devoir, see the French verb tables
[mʌst, məst] 1.
modal auxiliary (nég must not, mustn't)

1) (indicating obligation, prohibition)

you must check your rearview mirror — il faut regarder dans le rétroviseur

the feeding bottles must be sterilized — les biberons doivent être stérilisés

they said she must be consulted first — ils ont dit qu'il fallait d'abord la consulter

you mustn't mention this to anyone — il ne faut en parler à personne, tu ne dois en parler à personne

all visitors must leave the premises — tous les visiteurs doivent quitter les lieux

the loan must be repaid in one year — le prêt est remboursable en un an

withdrawals must not exceed £200 — les retraits ne doivent pas dépasser 200 livres sterling

it must eventually have an effect — ça doit finir par avoir un effet

2) (indicating requirement, condition)

candidates must be EC nationals — les candidats doivent être ressortissants d'un des pays de la CE

to gain a licence you must spend 40 hours in the air — pour obtenir son brevet il faut avoir 40 heures de vol

3) (stressing importance, necessity)

you must be patient — il faut que tu sois patient, tu dois être patient

tell her she mustn't worry — dis-lui de ne pas s'inquiéter

we must never forget — il ne faut jamais oublier

I must ask you not to smoke — je dois vous demander de ne pas fumer

I feel I must tell you that... — je pense devoir te dire que...

it must be said that — il faut dire que

I must apologize for being late — je vous demande d'excuser mon retard

I must say I was impressed — je dois avouer que j'ai été impressionné

that was pretty rude I must say! — je dois dire que c'était assez impoli!

very nice, I must say! — iron très gentil vraiment! iron

4) ( expressing intention)

I must check the reference — je dois vérifier la référence, il faut que je vérifie la référence

5) ( indicating irritation)

well, come in if you must — bon, entre si tu y tiens

why must she always be so cynical? — pourquoi faut-il toujours qu'elle soit si cynique?

he's ill, if you must know — il est malade si tu veux vraiment le savoir

must you make such a mess? — est-ce que tu as vraiment besoin de mettre le désordre?

6) (in invitations, suggestions)

we really must get together soon — il faudrait vraiment qu'on se voie bientôt

you must meet Flora Brown — il faut absolument que tu fasses la connaissance de Flora Brown

7) (expressing assumption, probability)

it must be difficult living there — ça doit être difficile de vivre là-bas

there must be some mistake! — il doit y avoir une erreur!

what must people think? — qu'est-ce que les gens doivent penser?

viewers must have been surprised — les téléspectateurs ont dû être surpris

we thought he must be shy — nous pensions qu'il devait être timide

they must really detest each other — ils doivent vraiment se détester

anyone who believes her must be naïve — il faut vraiment être naïf pour la croire

you must be out of your mind! — tu es fou!

8) (expressing strong interest, desire)

this I must see! — il faut que je voie ça!

we simply must get away from this town! — il faut à tout prix que nous quittions cette ville!
2.
noun

it's a must — c'est indispensable

this film is a must — ce film est à voir or à ne pas rater

a visit to the Louvre is a must — une visite au Louvre s'impose

English-French dictionary > must
17 право прав·о

юр.

1) (узаконенная свобода делать что-л.) right; (на помощь, пособие) entitlement; (полномочие) power

аннулировать права — to annul / to nullify rights

воспользоваться своим правом — to exercise one's right

восстанавливать в правах — to rehabilitate (smb.)

гарантировать права — to guarantee rights

давать право одному государству совершать действия на территории другого государства — to give to a state the right to perform certain acts on the territory of another state

дать (кому-л.) право — to give (smb.) a title

затрагивать (чьи-л.) права — to involve (smb.'s) rights

злоупотреблять (своими) правами — to abuse the rights

иметь право — to have / to possess the right (to), to be entitled (to), to be eligible (for); to be vested with the right

иметь право исповедовать любую религию или не исповедовать никакой — to have the right to profess or not to profess any religion

иметь право на долю прибыли — to be entitled to a share in the profit

иметь право стать членом (какой-л. организации) — to be eligible for membership

иметь право только советовать — to be restricted to advising

использовать право — to exercise a right

лишиться / утрачивать права — to forfeit

наделять правом — to vest a right

наносить ущерб (чьим-л.) правам — to prejudice (smb.'s) rights

не иметь права вмешиваться в обсуждение (какого-л.) вопроса — to have no say in the matter, not to be entitled to the discussion

не признавать права — to disclaim a right

обладать правами — to enjoy / to have rights

обрести право — to qualify (for)

оговаривать право в отношении (чего-л.) — to reserve the right with regard (to smth.)

ограничивать права — to curtail / to restrict (smb.'s) rights

определять права и обязанности — to prescribe the rights and duties

оспаривать право — to dispute / to contest a right

оставить (за собой) право сделать (что-л.) — to reserve the right to do (smth.)

осуществлять (свои) права — to exercise (one's) rights

отказать (кому-л.) в праве — to deny (smb.) the right

отказаться от (своего) права — to renounce / to resign / to abandon / to surrender (one's) right (to)

отказаться от права выступить — to forgo / to waive one's right to speak

отстаивать (свои) права — to assert / to stand upon (one's) rights

охранять права — to safeguard rights

передавать права — to delegate rights (to)

подтвердить права (жителей) — to underpin the rights (of inhabitants)

пользоваться правами — to exercise / to enjoy one's rights поступаться (своим) правом to waive (one's) right

посягать на (чьи-л.) права — to invade (smb's) rights, to infringe on / upon (smb.'s) rights

предоставить право судоходства — to grant the right to navigation

предоставлять права — to confer rights (upon), to grant / to accord / to give rights (to), to entitle, to enable, to empower

предоставлять права воюющей стороне — to concede belligerent rights

предоставлять (кому-л.) право сделать что-л. (преим. о законодательстве) — to enable (smb.) to do smth.

предоставлять право участвовать в выборах — to enfranchise

признавать права — to recognize rights

приобрести право — to acquire a right

присваивать (себе) право — to arrogate (to oneself) a right

расширять права — to broaden / to expand the rights

реализовать (своё) право — to exercise (one's) right

сохранять (за собой) право сделать что-л. — to reserve the right (to do smth.)

требовать причитающегося по праву — to claim a / one's right

уважать права и законные интересы (других) лиц — to respect the rights and lawful interests of (other) persons

уничтожать права — to destroy rights

уравнивать в право ах — to give / to grand equal rights (to smb.), to equalize (smb.) in rights

урезать права — to curtail (smb.'s) rights

ущемлять права — to derogate from (smb.'s) right

ущемлять законные права и интересы — to infringe (on) ligitimate rights and interests

авторское право — copyright

нарушать авторское право — to infringe a copyright

нарушение авторского права — infringement of copyright

активное и пассивное право представительства — right of active and passive legation

безусловное право — vested right

бесспорное право — uncontestable right

"бумажное право" (право, существующее на бумаге) — paper title

взаимное право — mutual right

гражданские права — civil rights

давать гражданские права — to endenizen

лишение гражданских прав — forfeit of civil rights

гражданские и политические права — civil and political rights

гуманитарное право — humanitarian rule

дополнительные права — additional rights

естественное право — natural law / right

законное право — legitimate right, valid title

иметь законное право — to be entitled (to)

требовать признания законных прав — to claim recognition of rights

борьба за законные права — struggle for (one's) legitimate rights

использование / осуществление (своего) законного права — enjoyment of (one's) legal right

нарушения законных прав и интересов частных лиц — private wrongs

закреплённые права — acquired rights

избирательное право — vote, electoral right, suffrage, elective franchise, electorship

активное избирательное право — positive suffrage

всеобщее избирательное право — universal suffrage

всеобщее, равное и прямое избирательное право при тайном голосовании — universal, equal and direct suffrage by secret ballot

лишённый избирательного права — voteless, nonvoter

пассивное избирательное право — eligibility

прямое избирательное право — direct suffrage

равное избирательное право — equal suffrage

избирательное право для женщин — female / women's suffrage

лишаться избирательных прав — to disenfranchise

лишение избирательных прав — deprivation of electoral rights, disenfranchisement

нарушение избирательного права — disturbance of franchise

имеющий право быть избранным — electable, eligible

имеющий право выбирать — elective, eligible

имеющий право выдвижения собственной кандидатуры или избрания самого себя (на какой-л. пост, в члены организации) — self-elective

имущественные права — property rights, vested interests

исключительное право — exclusive / sole / prerogative right, monopoly, prerogative, absolute title

исключительное право на учреждение предприятия / фирмы — exclusive right of establishment

конституционные права — constitutional rights

личные права — personal rights

монопольное право — exclusive / monopoly / sole right

не имеющий права представительства (о городе) — unfranchised

неоспоримое право — indisputable right

неотъемлемое право — inalienable / inherent / undeniable right

неотъемлемое и неотчуждаемое право — inalienable and imprescriptible right

неписаное право — imperscriptible right

облекающий правом (преим. о законе) — enabling

общее / совместное право — right of common

определённое право — certain right

определённое установленное право — ascertainable right

основные права — basic / fundamental rights

особое право, предоставленное правительством или монархом — franchise

патентные права — patent fights

политические права — political rights

лишать политических прав — to denude / to deprive (smb.) of political rights

пользоваться всей совокупностью политических прав — to enjoy full political rights

попранные права — usurped rights

почётное право — freedom

предъявляющий права — claimant

преимущественное право — preference, priority / underlying, preferential right, right of priority

преимущественное право удержания — underlying lien

прерогативное право — prerogative right

привилегированное право — preferred right

признанные права — acquired / vested rights

приобретённые права — acquired rights

равные права — equal rights

на равных правах — enjoying / exercising equal rights

священное право — sacred right

специальные права — special rights

предоставить специальные права — to confer (on smb.) special rights

суверенное право — sovereign right

осуществлять (свои) суверенные права — to exercise (one's) sovereign rights

феодальное право ист. — feudal law

аннулирование прав — reversion of rights

без прав и привилегий — ex-all

без права передачи — untransferable

взаимность прав и обязанностей — mutuality of rights and obligations

восстановление в правах — rehabilitation

гарантия защиты прав национальных меньшинств — guarantee of protection of minorities

движение за права — movement for rights

защита прав — defence / protection of rights

злоупотребление правами — abuse of rights

коллизия права (противоречие между нормами различных правовых систем по одному и тому же вопросу) — conflict of laws

лицо, имеющее право на обратный переход к нему имущества — reversioner

лица, ограниченные в праве передвижения — restrictees

лицо, отказавшееся от (каких-либо) прав в пользу другого лица — releasor

лицо, получившее право на возмещение ущерба — recoveror

нарушение / ущемление прав — infringement / violation of rights

ограничение прав и свобод — restriction of rights and freedoms

прямое и косвенное ограничение прав — direct aud indirect restriction of rights

осуществление прав — the exercise of rights

обеспечивать осуществление прав — to ensure the exerpise of rights

отказ от прав — abandonment of rights, quitclaim

добровольный отказ от прав — deliberate abandonment of rights

охрана прав — preservation of rights

положение, принадлежащее по праву — rightful position

право ангарии, право воюющей стороны на захват — right of angary

современное право ангарии — modern right of angary

аннулирование договора (вследствие его нарушения) — right to cancel a treaty

право апелляции — appeal

право беспрепятственного / мирного прохода — right of innocent passage

право быть избранным — right to be elected

иметь право быть избранным — to be eligible for election

право вето — right of veto, veto power, negative voice

право владения — right of possession

нарушать чужое право владения — to trespass one's right of possession

нарушение права владения — trespass of the right of possession

право владения, пользования и распоряжения — right of possession, enjoyment and disposal

право владеть имуществом — right to own property

права воюющих сторон — belligerent rights

право выбирать (свой собственный) путь (развития) — right of nations to choose their own path / way (of development)

право выбора — right of option

право выбора местожительства — right to residence

право выбора профессии — the right to choose one's profession

право выгрузки пассажиров, багажа, грузов и почты — right to discharge passengers, baggage, cargo and mail

право выезда / выхода — egress

право, выработанное судами — judge-made law

право выставления кандидатов в депутаты — the right to nominate candidates for the election

право высылки (иностранцев) — right of expulsion

право, вытекающее из (факта) владения — title by possession

права, вытекающие из данного договора — rights under the treaty

право вышестоящего суда пересмотреть приговор или решение нижестоящего суда — appellate jurisdiction

право голоса / участия в выборах / голосовании — voting right, franchise one's right to vote

лишать права голоса — to exclude (smb.) from the poll, to deprive of the right to vote, to disfranchise

лишать выборщика права голоса — to disqualify an elector, to disfranchise

предоставлять право голоса — to enfranchise

с правом решающего голоса — with a right to vote

с правом совещательного голоса — without a right to vote

право государств вступать в союзные договоры — capacity of states to enter into alliances

право государства на самооборону — right of a state to self-defence

право государств на суверенитет над своими природными ресурсами — right of nations of sovereignty over their natural resources

право государства применять насилие для соблюдения законности — imperium лат.

права государств транзита — right of states of transit

права граждан — rights of citizens

за широкие права граждан — in favour of broad rights of citizens

соблюдение и защита прав граждан — observance and protection of the rights of citizens

равные права граждан всех рас и национальностей — equal rights of citizens of all races and nationalities

право денонсации — right of denunciation

право доступа на государственную службу — right of access to public service

права заимствования / на получение кредита (в МВФ) — drawing rights (in IMF)

права заимствования на специальных условиях — allocation of special drawing rights

специальные права заимствования, СПЗ — special drawing rights, SDR

предоставление специальных прав заимствования — allocation of special drawing rights

право заключать договоры — competence to conclude treaties

право заключать коллективные договоры — right to collective bargaining, right to conclude collective agreements

право заключения договоров — treaty-making power

право законодательной инициативы — right of legislative initiative, power to initiate legislation

право захвата — right of seizure

право защиты — right of protection

право защиты граждан за границей — right of protection over citizens abroad

права и обязанности — rights and duties

права и свободы — rights and freedoms

социально-экономические, политические и личные права и свободы — social, economic, political and personal rights and freedoms

лишать демократических прав и свобод — to deprive of democratic rights and freedoms

право избирать — right to vote

иметь право избирать — to be eligible

право издавать законы — edictal powers

права иностранцев — rights of aliens

право инспекции / осмотра — right of inspection

право использование вод (пограничной реки) — water right

право мирного прохода через территориальные воды — freedom of inoffensive passage through the maritime belt

право на бесплатное медицинское обслуживание — right to free medical services

право на владение территорией и приобретение её — right of holding and acquiring territory

право на вмешательство / на интервенцию — right of intervention

право на возвращение (своих) природных ресурсов — right to reclaim (one's) natural resources

право на выбор профессии — right to choose one's trade

право на выход из состава участников (соглашения, договора и т.п.) — right of withdrawal

право на гражданство — right to citizenship / nationality

право на домовую церковь (для посла) / свободного отправления религиозного культа в особом помещении посольства или миссии — right of Chapel

право на жизнь, свободу и личную неприкосновенность — right to life, liberty and security of person

право на жилище — right to housing

право на забастовку — right to strike

право на защиту закона — right to protection of the law

право на избрание — eligibility

отсутствие права на избрание — ineligibility

право на иммунитет — entitlement to immunity

право на индивидуальную самооборону — right to individual self-defence

права на интеллектуальную и промышленную собственность — intellectual and industrial property rights

право на иск — right of action

право на коллективную самооборону — right to collective self-defence

право на льготы — entitlement to benefits

право на материальное обеспечение в старости в случае болезни и потери трудоспособности — right to material security in old age, sickness and disability

право на международные сношения — right of intercourse

право на национализацию или передачу владения своим гражданам — right to nationalization or transfer of ownership to its nationals

право на национальную независимость и суверенитет — right to national independence and sovereignty

право на нейтралитет — right to neutrality

право на обжалование судебных решений — right to appeal against court decisions

право на образование — right to education

право на ответ / на ответное слово — right of reply

используя право на ответ / в порядке осуществления права на ответ — in exercise of (one's) right of reply

отказаться от права на ответ — to waive (one's) right to reply

право на отдых — right to rest (and leisure)

право на передвижение — right to travel

право на подачу индивидуальной петиции — right of individual petition

права на полуавтоматическое получение кредита (в МВФ) — semi-automatic drawing rights (in IMF)

право на получение информации (журналистами) / право быть осведомлённым — right to know разг.

право на признание — right to recognition

право на принудительное осуществление — right to enforce

право на публикацию — right to publish

право на разработку минеральных ресурсов / полезных ископаемых — mineral rights

право на ратификацию — right to ratification

права на репатриацию иностранных капиталовложений / прибылей — repatriation right

право на самооборону — right of / to self-defence

право на самоопределение — right to self-determination

право на самосохранение — right of self-preservation

право на самоуправление — right to autonomy

право на свободу и безопасность личности — right to freedom and security of person

право на свободу собраний и ассоциаций — right of association and of assembly

право на свободу убеждений и свободное их выражение / свободу слова — right to freedom of opinion and expression

право на связь / на использование связи — right of communication

право на собственное мнение — right to opinion

право на социальное обеспечение — right to social security / insurance

право на суверенитет — right to sovereignty

право на существование — right to exist, right of existence

право на территориальное и личное верховенство — right of territorial and personal supremacy

право на труд — right to work

право на участие в голосовании — voting qualifications

иметь право на что-л. (в силу собственных заслуг, способностей, создавшегося положения) — in one's own right

право навигации / судоходства — navigation right

право народов на свободное и независимое развитие — right of nations to free and independent development

право народов определять свою судьбу — right of peoples to determine their own destiny

право наследования — right of succession / to inherit

право наследовать — right to succeed

право наций на самоопределение вплоть до государственного отделения — right of nations to self-determination up to and including separation

право неограниченного выдвижения кандидатур — right to nominate an unlimited number of candidates

право обжалования — right of appeal

право обжаловать действия должностных лиц — the right to lodge a complaint against the actions of officials

право обложения налогом — taxing power

право обыска — right of search

право опровержения — right of correction

право освобождения от налогов — right to tax exemption

право осмотра и обыска — right of visit and search

право, основанное на давности (его использования) — prescriptive right

право остановки и стоянки на якоре — right of stopping and anchoring

права, осуществляемые (по чьему-л.) полномочию — vicarious power / authority

право осуществлять охрану порядка — police power

право отвода кандидата — right to challenge a candidate

права, относящиеся к предоставлению убежища — rights relating to asylum

право очной ставки — right to be confronted

право передоверия — power of substitution

право плавания — right of navigation

право плавания под морским флагом — right to fly a maritime flag

право повторного захода судов — free regress for ships

право погрузки пассажиров, багажа, грузов и почты — right to pick up passengers, baggage, cargo and mail

право покидать любую страну, включая свою собственную, и возвращаться в свою страну — right to leave any country including one's own and to return to one's country

право политического убежища — right of political asylum

право помилования — right to pardon

право по рождению / в силу происхождения — birthright

право посадки — right of landing

право посольства / представительства — right of legation

активное право посольства — active right of legation

пассивное право посольства — passive right of legation

право представления — right of representation

наследовать по праву представления — to inherit by right of representation

право преследования — right of persuit

право, признанное судом справедливости — equities

право применения ядерного оружия — option of using nuclear weapons

право применять принудительные меры — power of coercion

право принимать и назначать дипломатических представителей — right of reception and mission of diplomatic envoys

право принимать пассажиров, направляющихся на территорию (какого-л.) государства — privilege to take on passengers for the territory of a state

право принимать участие в управлении страной — right to take part in government

право приоритета (в выборе) — prior right

право проезда / прохода — right of passage

права профсоюзов — trade union rights

право равного доступа на государственную службу — right of equal access to public service

право распоряжаться общим имуществом — right to dispose of community property

право распоряжаться природными ресурсами — right to dispose of natural resources

право расторжения контрактов — right to terminate a contract

право рыболовства — right of fishery / fishing

право свободно вести морскую торговлю — freedom of the seas

право свободно выбирать (себе) местожительство — right to freedom of residence

право свободного выхода из федерации — right to secede freely from the federation

право свободного доступа (к чему-л.) — freedom of access (to smth.)

право свободного доступа к морю — right of free access to the sea

право свободного передвижения — right to travel

право свободы вероисповедания — right to private worship

право свободы голоса — freedom of speech

право собраний — right of assembly

право собственности — title, property right, right of ownership

права собственности или квазисобственности — proprietary or quasi-proprietary rights

затрагивать право собственности — to affect ownership

законное право собственности — legal title

неоспоримое право собственности — marketable / merchantable / good title

передача права собственности — transfer of ownership

право собственности, приобретённое завладением — title by occupancy

страхование от недостатков в праве собственности — title insurance

право спасателя на удержание спасённого имущества — salvage lien

право ссылаться на основание недействительности договора — right to invoke a ground for invalidating a treaty

право ссылаться на основание прекращения договора — right to invoke a ground for terminating a treaty

право ссылаться на основание приостановления действия договора — right to invoke a ground for suspending the operation of a treaty

право сторон быть выслушанными судом — right of parties to be heard by the court

право суверенитета над воздушным пространством — right of sovereignty over the air

право судов плавать под определённым флагом — claim of vessels to sail under a certain flag

право транзита / транзитного прохода — right of transit

право убежища — right of asylum, rights of sanctuary, sanctuary rights

использовать право убежища — to extend the right of asylum

нарушать право убежища — to break the sanctuary

нарушение права убежища — infringement of the right to asylum

предоставить право убежища — to grant a right to asylum

право удержания имущества до уплаты долга — lien

право устанавливать дипломатические отношения — right to establish diplomatic relations

права человека — human rights, rights of mankind

пренебрегать основными правами человека — to disregard basic human rights

обойти сферу прав человека — to bypass the sphere of human rights

попирать права человека — to trample human rights

потворствовать нарушению прав человека — to connive at the violation of human rights

защита прав человека — defence / protection of human rights

международное признание прав человека — international recognition of human rights

нарушение прав человека — repsession / supression / violation of human rights

осуждать страну за нарушение прав человека — to censure a country for human rights violation

осуществление прав человека — realization of human rights

соблюдение прав человека — observance of human rights

уважение прав человека — respect for human righst

естественные права человека — natural rights of man

основные права человека — fundamental human rights

священное право человека — sacred human right

концепция врождённых прав человека — conception of the inherent rights of man

развитие прав человека — promotion of human rights

право экономического сотрудничества — right of economic co-operation

право экспатриации — right of expatriation

право эмиграции — right of emigration

право (на осуществление) юрисдикции — right of jurisdiction

признание прав — recognition of rights

приостановление права — suspension of the right

приостановление прав членства — suspension of the rights of membership

соблюдение права — observance of a right

сохранение права — reservation of a right

уважение прав — respect for rights

утрата права — forfeit

утрата права на... — loss of a right to...

без права передачи — not transferable

2) мн. (свидетельство) licence

3) (совокупность законов и постановлений) law, rule

изучать право — to study the law

отвечать нормам права — to be in accordance with the law

противоречить праву — to contradict the law

административное право — administrative law

арендное право — leasehold interest

внутреннее право — internal law

внутригосударственное право — national law, municipal jurisprudence

военное право — martial law

военное уголовное право — military law

нормы военного права — articles of war

воздушное право — air law

государственное право — state / political / public / constitutional law

нарушения государственных или общественных прав и интересов — public wrongs

гражданское право — civil law

давать гражданские права — to endenizen

освобождать от ограничения гражданских прав — to emancipate from civil disabilities

гражданско-процессуальное право — law of civil procedure

гуманитарное право — humanitarian law

применяемое в вооружённых конфликтах гуманитарное право — humanitarian rules relating to armed conflicts

действующее право — existing law

дипломатическое право — diplomatic law

дискреционное право — discretion law

договорное право — law of treaties, contract law

нарушение договорных прав — violation of treaty rights

доказательственное право — law of evidence

дополнительное, субсидиарное право — appendant

земельное право — land law

каноническое право — canon law, the Canon

коллизионное право — conflict of laws

консульское право — consular law

космическое право — outer space / cosmic law

крепостное право ист. — serfdom

отмена крепостного права — abolition of serfdom

кулачное право, право сильного — fist law

личное право — law of a person

международное право — international law, law of nations

признавать международное право — to recognize international law

злоупотребление международным правом — abuse of international law

гуманитарное международное право — international humanitarian law

конвенционное международное право — conventional international law

международное валютное право — international monetary law

международное общее право — universal international law

международное уголовное право — international criminal law

международное экономическое и инвестиционное право — international economic and investment law

обычное международное право — customary international law

нормы обычного международного права — rules of customary international law

публичное международное право — public international law

региональное международное право — regional international law

универсальное международное право — universal international law

частное международное право — international private law

в полном соответствии с международным правом — in full conformity with international law

в свете международного права — in the perspective of international law

нарушение международного права — violation of international law

общепризнанная норма международного права — universally recognized rule of the Law of Nations

игнорировать общепризнанные нормы международного права — to disregard generally recognized norms of international law

нарушать нормы международного права — to violate the rules of international law

несовместимость с нормами международного права — incompatibility with the norms / rules of international law

объект международного права — object of international law

основные положения международного права — fundamental notions of international law

примат международного права в политике — primacy of international law in politics

система договорных норм международного права — system of conventional rules of international law

субъект международного права — subject of international law

трактовка международного права — treatment of international law

морское право — law of the sea, maritime / naval law

внутригосударственное морское право — maritime law

морское залоговое право — maritime lien

морское призовое право — maritime / naval prize

обычное морское право — common law of the sea

наследственное право — succession law

национальное право — national law

лишать национальных прав — to denationalize

непреложное право — indefeasible law

общее / обычное право — common / customary / consuetudinary law

в соответствии с нормами общего права — under common law

сборник английского обычного права — Corpus of English Common Law

общепринятое призовое право — generally accepted prize law

обязательственное право — law of obligations

посольское право — ambassadorial law

преимущественное право (кредитора) — preference

преимущественное право на покупку — preemption

приобретать преимущественное право на покупку — to preempt

прецедентное право — law of precedent, case law

процедурное право — law of procedure

публичное право — public law

иностранное публичное право — foreign public law

семейное право — family law

статутное право — statutory law

судебное право — judicial law

торговое право — merchant / commercial law, law-merchant

торгово-промышленное право — business law

трудовое право — labour law

уголовное право — criminal / penal law

уголовно-процессуальное право — law of criminal procedure

фискальное право — fiscal law

церковное право — ecclesiastical law

частное право — private law

нарушение / несоблюдение норм права — contempt of the law

общие принципы права — general principles of law

определение права — definition of law

отсутствие норм права — lack of legislation

право возмездия — law of reprisal

право войны — law of war

право мира — law of peace

Russian-english dctionary of diplomacy > право прав·о
18 extranjero1

¹ = foreigner, outlander, expat, foreign national, alien.

Ex. Donations from foreigners and expatriate Guyanese have been critical to maintaining book lists at the National Library.

Ex. 'Small, near-sighted, dreaming, bruised, an outlander in the city of his birth,' thirteen-year-old Aremis Slake fled one day to the only refuge he knew, the New York subway system.

Ex. I would also like to know where to find other expats in Dusseldorf would have the same like for beer/wine and talking rubbish.

Ex. All persons in the United States, including foreign nationals, have certain basic rights that must be respected.

Ex. He then ended his affair with Mia, Bram's housekeeper cum lottery winner and daughter of the kook who swears he was abuducted by aliens.

----

* en manos de extranjeros = foreign-owned.

* en propiedad de extranjeros = foreign-owned.

Spanish-English dictionary > extranjero1
19 extranjero

adj.

foreign, alien, overseas, exotic.

m.

foreigner, out-of-towner, alien, guy from out of town.

* * *

extranjero

► adjetivo

1 foreign, alien

► nombre masculino,nombre femenino

1 foreigner

► nombre masculino extranjero

1 foreign countries plural, abroad

■ ir al extranjero to go abroad

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

del extranjero from abroad

en el extranjero abroad

————————

extranjero

► nombre masculino

1 foreign countries plural, abroad

■ ir al extranjero to go abroad

* * *
1. (f. - extranjera)
noun

1) foreigner

2) foreign country, abroad, overseas
2. (f. - extranjera)
adj.

foreign, alien

* * *
extranjero, -a
1.

ADJ foreign

2.

SM / F foreigner; (Jur) alien

3.

SM

en el extranjero — abroad

estar en el extranjero — to be abroad, be in foreign parts

ir al extranjero — to go abroad

pasó seis años en el extranjero — he spent six years abroad

cosas del extranjero — things from abroad, foreign things

* * *
I
- ra adjetivo foreign
II
- ra masculino, femenino

a) ( persona) foreigner

b) extranjero masculino

vive en el extranjero — she lives abroad

viajar al extranjero — to travel abroad

noticias del extranjero — foreign news

* * *
I
- ra adjetivo foreign
II
- ra masculino, femenino

a) ( persona) foreigner

b) extranjero masculino

vive en el extranjero — she lives abroad

viajar al extranjero — to travel abroad

noticias del extranjero — foreign news

* * *

extranjero¹

¹ = foreigner, outlander, expat, foreign national, alien.

Ex: Donations from foreigners and expatriate Guyanese have been critical to maintaining book lists at the National Library.

Ex: 'Small, near-sighted, dreaming, bruised, an outlander in the city of his birth,' thirteen-year-old Aremis Slake fled one day to the only refuge he knew, the New York subway system.

Ex: I would also like to know where to find other expats in Dusseldorf would have the same like for beer/wine and talking rubbish.

Ex: All persons in the United States, including foreign nationals, have certain basic rights that must be respected.

Ex: He then ended his affair with Mia, Bram's housekeeper cum lottery winner and daughter of the kook who swears he was abuducted by aliens.

* en manos de extranjeros = foreign-owned.

* en propiedad de extranjeros = foreign-owned.

extranjero²

² = foreign, overseas, alien.

Ex: Many libraries have special collections of foreign, unpublished or unusual materials which include items unlikely to be acquired by other libraries.

Ex: The National Library of Australia is the only library in the country with a large collection of overseas documents and in this capacity holds exhibitions of these materials.

Ex: Libraries in developing countries may represent part of an alien cultural package, an importation ill suited to the country's needs, even working at cross purposes to the people's interests.

* agente extranjero = foreign agent.

* de origen extranjero = foreign-born.

* estudiante extranjero = foreign student, overseas student, exchange student.

* inversionista extranjero = foreign investor.

* lengua extranjera = foreign language.

* mano de obra extranjera = foreign labour.

* moneda extranjera = foreign currency.

* ocupación extranjera = foreign occupation.

* país extranjero = foreign country, overseas country.

* turista extranjero = foreign tourist.

extranjero³

* en el extranjero = abroad, overseas, offshore.

* estudiar en el extranjero = study abroad, study + abroad.

* estudios en el extranjero = study abroad.

* hecho en el extranjero = foreign-made.

* nacido en el extranjero = foreign-born.

* vacaciones en el extranjero = overseas holidays.

* vender en el extranjero a precios inferiores que en el país de origen = dump.

* viajar al extranjero = visit + abroad.

* viaje al extranjero = foreign travel.

* * *

extranjero¹ -ra

adjective

foreign

extranjero² -ra

masculine, feminine

1 (persona) foreigner

2

extranjero masculine: vive en el extranjero she lives abroad

viajan mucho al extranjero they often travel abroad o to other countries

* * *

extranjero
◊ -ra adjetivo

foreign
■ sustantivo masculino, femenino
a) ( persona) foreigner

b)

◊ extranjero sustantivo masculino: al/en el extranjero abroad;

noticias del extranjero foreign news
extranjero,-a
I adjetivo foreign
II sustantivo masculino y femenino foreigner
III sustantivo masculino abroad: está en el extranjero, he's abroad ➣ Ver nota en abroad
' extranjero' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acaudillar
- exterior
- extranjera
- habla
- refugio
- agringado
- corresponsal
- criollo
- fuera
- gabacho
- gringo
- peripecia
- pinta
English:
abroad
- alien
- come back
- distinctive
- foreign
- foreigner
- home
- overseas
- predicament
- toy with
- go
- interest
- migrant
- part
- rule

* * *

extranjero, -a

♦ adj

foreign

♦ nm,f
[persona] foreigner
♦ nm
[territorio]
me gusta viajar por el extranjero I like travelling abroad;

del extranjero from abroad;

en o [m5] por el extranjero abroad;

está de viaje en o [m5] por el extranjero she's away on a trip abroad;

ir al extranjero to go abroad

* * *

extranjero

I adj foreign

II m, extranjera f foreigner

III m

:

en el extranjero abroad

* * *

extranjero, -ra adj

: foreign

extranjero, -ra n

: foreigner

extranjero nm

: foreign countries pl

viajó al extranjero: he traveled abroad

trabajan en el extranjero: they work overseas

* * *

extranjero¹ adj foreign

extranjero² n foreigner

al extranjero abroad

en el extranjero abroad

Spanish-English dictionary > extranjero
20 national

Adj

1. राष्ट्रीय

The national flower of India is lotus.
--------
N

1. नागरिक

All the foreign nationals have been asked to produce their passports.

English-Hindi dictionary > national

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

Nationals Park — Home of The National Pastime in the Nation s Capital … Wikipedia
All-NBA First Team — All NBA Team L Associated Press All NBA Team, plus connue sous le nom d All NBA Team est une récompense annuelle honorant les meilleurs joueurs NBA de la saison. L équipe se compose de trois cinq majeurs, les First, Second et Third Team. Les… … Wikipédia en Français
All-NBA Second Team — All NBA Team L Associated Press All NBA Team, plus connue sous le nom d All NBA Team est une récompense annuelle honorant les meilleurs joueurs NBA de la saison. L équipe se compose de trois cinq majeurs, les First, Second et Third Team. Les… … Wikipédia en Français
All-NBA Third Team — All NBA Team L Associated Press All NBA Team, plus connue sous le nom d All NBA Team est une récompense annuelle honorant les meilleurs joueurs NBA de la saison. L équipe se compose de trois cinq majeurs, les First, Second et Third Team. Les… … Wikipédia en Français
All-NBA first team — All NBA Team L Associated Press All NBA Team, plus connue sous le nom d All NBA Team est une récompense annuelle honorant les meilleurs joueurs NBA de la saison. L équipe se compose de trois cinq majeurs, les First, Second et Third Team. Les… … Wikipédia en Français
All-NBA second team — All NBA Team L Associated Press All NBA Team, plus connue sous le nom d All NBA Team est une récompense annuelle honorant les meilleurs joueurs NBA de la saison. L équipe se compose de trois cinq majeurs, les First, Second et Third Team. Les… … Wikipédia en Français
All-NBA third team — All NBA Team L Associated Press All NBA Team, plus connue sous le nom d All NBA Team est une récompense annuelle honorant les meilleurs joueurs NBA de la saison. L équipe se compose de trois cinq majeurs, les First, Second et Third Team. Les… … Wikipédia en Français
All NBA First Team — All NBA Team L Associated Press All NBA Team, plus connue sous le nom d All NBA Team est une récompense annuelle honorant les meilleurs joueurs NBA de la saison. L équipe se compose de trois cinq majeurs, les First, Second et Third Team. Les… … Wikipédia en Français
All NBA Second Team — All NBA Team L Associated Press All NBA Team, plus connue sous le nom d All NBA Team est une récompense annuelle honorant les meilleurs joueurs NBA de la saison. L équipe se compose de trois cinq majeurs, les First, Second et Third Team. Les… … Wikipédia en Français
All NBA Third Team — All NBA Team L Associated Press All NBA Team, plus connue sous le nom d All NBA Team est une récompense annuelle honorant les meilleurs joueurs NBA de la saison. L équipe se compose de trois cinq majeurs, les First, Second et Third Team. Les… … Wikipédia en Français
All-Star Final Vote — 2007 National League All Star Final Vote winner Chris Young warming up in the Wrigley Field bullpen with a four seam fastball Awarded for … Wikipedia

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: со всех языков на все языки

all EU nationals

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: со всех языков на все языки

all EU nationals

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка: